Many of us, having bought a boiler, are wondering: is it possible to install it with our own hands, and how difficult is this process? If you have little skills in plumbing and electrics, installing a boiler yourself should not cause you serious difficulties. In addition, installing a heating device yourself will help you save money that could be spent on paying for the services of specialists. However, the work will require strict adherence to safety regulations and, of course, the availability of the necessary tools.

What is a boiler and how it works

A boiler is a heating device that makes life much easier for people when they are faced with a preventive shutdown of hot water in city apartments, and provides comfort in the country, where the water heater works on an ongoing basis.

The water heater may have a storage or flow device. The advantages of flow-through boilers are considered to be small size and low weight, which allows them to be mounted even on not very strong bases, for example, drywall. On the other hand, to ensure the required rate of water heating, flow-through boilers are equipped with very powerful heating elements that weak electrical wiring cannot withstand.

For fast water heating, flow-through boilers are equipped with very powerful heating elements.

Storage devices are in the greatest demand because they have a larger volume, cost less and consume less electricity. In addition, during their installation, electrical wiring is not subject to such high requirements as when installing flow-type water heaters.

Storage devices are in high demand because they are more cost-effective and do not require powerful electrical wiring.

Storage water heater device

The device of the storage water heater is similar to the design of a household thermos. The inner tank is separated from the outer walls of the body by a rigid heat-insulating polyurethane layer to minimize heat loss. The water entering the tank is heated by a heating element (thermal electric heating element). To set the required water temperature, a thermostat integrated into the design is used.

The role of the magnesium anode in the water heater and the scheme of its operation

The internal tank of the water heater is the most vulnerable structural element, since it is constantly exposed to temperature changes and the negative effects of substances contained in the water. A magnesium anode helps protect this part from corrosion.

It is made in the form of a thin round rod with a diameter of 14–25 mm and a length of 140–660 mm with a magnesium alloy layer up to 15 mm thick applied to the surface. In the immediate vicinity of the heating element, the anode is fastened with a threaded stud located in the center of the rod. Sometimes the anode is placed on the top wall of the inner tank.

Magnesium anode helps protect the internal tank of the boiler from corrosion

In addition to magnesium anodes, electric, titanium and zinc analogues are used in water heaters. But the magnesium anode is the most economical, and therefore the most popular.

Most often, low-carbon steel is used for the manufacture of internal water heater tanks. Magnesium has a valence II and is a more active metal than iron, which has a valence III. When water is heated, oxygen is produced. Magnesium binds it, thereby preventing the formation of corrosion in the tank and on the steel shell of the heating element. This process is called sacrificial protection, which is why magnesium anodes are sometimes referred to as sacrificial anodes.

The magnesium anode also prevents the formation of scale on the heating element, which is a precipitate of heavy metal salts. Since magnesium is more reactive than the iron that the tank walls are made of, these substances react with it. As a result, dense scale becomes loose, easily separated from the heating element and the walls of the tank and settles to the bottom in the form of flakes, from where it is removed during the regular cleaning of the unit.

Thus, the anode-protector in the boiler performs the following functions:

• provides passive protection of the metal tank against corrosion;
• prevents the formation of scale on the thermoelectric heating element;
• softens the water.

Over time, the magnesium anode gradually breaks down and dissolves in water, without changing its chemical composition and, accordingly, without harming the health of users.

Over time, the magnesium anode gradually breaks down and dissolves in water.

And yet, the anode protector needs to be changed from time to time, without waiting for its complete destruction. The frequency of replacement of this part depends on the quality (chemical composition) of the water and the intensity of use of the water heater.

1. If the heating device is rarely used and the water in it is rather soft, then the anode can be changed every seven years.
2. Under less favorable operating conditions of the device, the replacement of the magnesium anode is required much more often - about once a year.

When choosing a replacement for a worn anode protector, give preference to a product from a well-known manufacturer. A poor-quality magnesium element gives the water a persistent rotten smell. To check the quality of the product, make a weak solution of food grade citric acid and place a magnesium rod in it. A protector made of cheap material, when reacting with an acid, will provoke an active release of hydrogen sulfide.

Of course, the boiler can be operated without a protector anode, but the absence of this part will significantly reduce the life of the water heater. Typically, anodes are supplied with water heaters. But for replacement, this item can be purchased separately.

Do I need permission to install a boiler in an apartment?

The need to obtain permits for the installation of a water heater in a city apartment depends on the type of device.

1. If you want to connect an electric boiler that belongs to household appliances, then you do not need special permission for this. It is only necessary to make sure that the available free power of the electrical network is sufficient for it. For example, a 150-liter boiler that is switched on consumes 1.5–2.0 kW. It takes 3-5 hours to heat water, and it will cool down by no more than 0.5 degrees per hour. If there is not enough capacity, then you need to contact the energy company with a request for the allocation of additional resources. Naturally, you will have to pay for this.

   To connect an electric boiler, no special permit is required if the electrical network can withstand the load it creates

2. If you are going to install a gas water heater in the apartment, then you need to obtain permission for it at the gas service service center by presenting a document on the ownership of the housing. The specialists of the center will come to you to draw up a project. This service is paid. In addition, do not forget that the installation of a gas water heater should also be carried out by gas service specialists.

   Installation and connection of the gas water heater must be carried out by specialists of the gas service service

But you will not be given permission to install a gas water heater if there is no ventilation duct in the immediate vicinity of the installation site through which exhaust gases will be removed. Most often, even in apartments with gas stoves, separate channels are not provided, and no one will allow you to bring the ventilation pipe to the outer wall of the house.

If you still managed to get permission to install a gas boiler, keep in mind that fuel consumption in your apartment will increase several times. Installation of gas equipment without permission threatens with a fine.

Art. 7.19 Administrative Code of the Russian Federation

Unauthorized connection to electric networks, heat networks, oil pipelines, oil product pipelines and gas pipelines, as well as unauthorized (unmetered) use of electrical, thermal energy, oil, gas or oil products, if these actions do not contain a criminally punishable act, entails the imposition of an administrative fine on citizens in the amount of from ten thousand to fifteen thousand rubles; on officials - from thirty thousand to eighty thousand rubles or disqualification for a period of one to two years; for legal entities - from one hundred thousand to two hundred thousand roubles.

Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation

http://koapkodeksrf.ru/

Therefore, before purchasing such a device, consider whether you need it, or whether you should limit yourself to an electric water heater, which is much less troublesome in terms of installation and operation.

Is it possible to install a water heater under the sink

In a small apartment, the best place to place a boiler may be the space under the sink in the kitchen or in the combined bathroom. An electrical appliance hidden in this way will not spoil the interior design. However, not all types of boilers are suitable for installation under the sink.

The boiler hidden under the sink will not spoil the interior design

Due to the limited space under the sink, a storage or instantaneous water heater with a capacity of up to 25 liters can fit. The water in such a device is heated by a heating element or an open electric heater. The gas appliance, due to its high performance and, therefore, its considerable dimensions, is suitable for mounting exclusively on a wall or on a free space on the floor.

Another feature: in a water heater designed for installation under a sink, the pipe supply must be located at the top. You should definitely pay attention to this when buying a device. A boiler with a different location for the supply of hoses will also fit in size, but it will be inconvenient to install. In addition, such a device will not function correctly and will quickly fail.

Preparatory work before installing the boiler

Self-installation of an electric water heater will cost you less than the services of specialists. On average, the job will take about two hours. But in preparation for installation and directly in the process of performing work, you must follow the safety rules.

When installing a water heater, it is necessary to take into account the condition of the electrical wiring in the house, the bearing capacity of the wall on which the device will be mounted, as well as the risers and water supply pipes.

1. First of all, you should decide on the model of the boiler: what system it should be - flow or storage, how many liters it is designed for, how it will be mounted - horizontally or vertically, on a wall or under a sink, etc.

   Wall-mounted boilers are not only vertical, but also horizontal

2. The next step is to create a device connection diagram on paper with the designation of hot and cold water tie-ins. Then you need to do the following:
   
3. Before you start installing the boiler, you need to read the instructions to understand the features of the model, then turn off the electricity and shut off the pipes supplying hot water. It should be remembered that if you live in a multi-storey building, this will temporarily deprive residents of other apartments of hot water, so you need to carefully prepare for work in order to finish it faster.

The strength of the wall can be checked in the following way: mount the fasteners that come with the boiler and hang two bags of cement on it. If the mount can cope with such a load, then it will be able to withstand a water heater, which weighs half as much.

Particular attention should be paid to checking the strength of the wall when installing a large 150-liter boiler. The fastening of such a unit is made on spacer metal anchor bolts or special strong hooks. Anchors are recommended to be used with a length of 100 mm and a diameter of 10 mm.

Be very serious about checking the wiring. If overloaded, it may start to melt, which will lead to a fire.

It should be borne in mind that the installation of a water heater will require the efforts of two people, since this process is quite laborious. Typically, the boiler is mounted in the bathroom or in the toilet room directly above the toilet. As a rule, this place is not used in any way. At the same time, a free approach should be provided to it.

In a small room, to save usable space, the boiler is usually placed horizontally. A small water heater is attached to the wall, and units with a volume of 200 liters or more are installed on the floor.

If the volume of the boiler exceeds 200 liters, it must be installed on the floor

Equipment and tools necessary for self-installation or replacement of a water heater

Before proceeding with the installation of the boiler, prepare the following tools, materials and equipment:

• plumbing linen or sealing tape;
• tow;
• paste "Unilac";
• roulette;
• safety valve with a valve with a diameter of 10 mm (supplied with the boiler);
• two flexible water hoses with a length of at least 2 m (the length of the hoses must correspond to the distance from the boiler to the point of insertion into the water supply system);
• metal-plastic pipes;
• three stopcocks;
• three tees;
• two dowel nails with hooks at the ends;
• cross and slotted screwdrivers;
• pliers;
• wire cutters;
• puncher or electric drill;
• drills with a winning tip (if the boiler is supposed to be fixed to a brick or concrete wall);
• wrench;
• wrench.

To connect a powerful instantaneous water heater, if the wiring does not provide for the connection of electric stoves, you will need a three-core copper cable PVA 3x8, a meter that can withstand a current of at least 40 A, a socket block with grounding, a 40 A machine and an insulating tape.

Features of mounting the boiler on a thin wall

Ideally, the water heater should be mounted on solid brick, concrete or block walls, since the appliance, along with water, is quite heavy. But sometimes the device needs to be hung on a thin plasterboard, frame, wooden, aerated concrete or foam block base. In this case, it will be necessary to strengthen the wall and use special fasteners.

It is impossible to mount the water heater directly on a wooden wall for reasons of fire safety. To begin with, it must be well insulated from heat, for example, with profiled iron, which is used for roofing.

In other cases, special fasteners are used:

• spiral nylon dowels;
• metal fasteners for mounting boilers with a capacity of 100 liters.

If you plan to hang the water heater on a wall of foam concrete blocks, then you will need metal dowels or special chemical (adhesive) anchors for foam concrete. A chemical anchor is a versatile fastener that can withstand high loads. It is environmentally friendly and resistant to low temperatures.

The expansion dowel is held in the wall due to friction forces in the expansion joint, and the chemical anchor is held in place due to the adhesion of a special adhesive composition.

Fastening to the adhesive anchor is carried out in the following way:

1. A hole is drilled with the expansion of the channel by rotating the drill at an angle in different directions.
2. Concrete dust is removed from the hole.
3. The hole is filled with a quick-hardening mixture, into which a mounting sleeve or threaded stud is inserted.

The resulting cone-shaped plug provides a fairly high fastening strength.

For installation in hollow structures, an anchor sleeve is inserted into the hole, and a hairpin is already twisted into it

Video: how to hang a water heater on an aerated concrete wall

Water heater installation

Installation of a water heater of a flow and storage system is carried out in the same way. Before starting work, it is important to read the instructions that come with the device. If there is no such manual, it can be downloaded from the Internet.

Mounting the boiler on the wall

1. Before mounting the boiler on the wall with chalk or a marker, draw on it the bottom line of the appliance. Then measure the distance from the mounting plate attached to the water heater body to the bottom line and mark this distance. When marking, pay attention to the height from the holes on the anchors to the top of the water heater. It must be less than the distance to the ceiling, otherwise the water heater will not pass in height.

   When choosing a place for installing fasteners, it is necessary to control the position of the lower and upper edges of the boiler housing

2. Drill two or four holes, depending on the number of fasteners supplied with the boiler. To make holes in a concrete or brick wall, you need to use an electric drill with a drill bit. For drilling holes in a wooden wall, a drill with a regular tip is suitable. Its diameter should be less than the diameter of the plastic dowel. Remember that there are no such holes on the mounting plate, and anchors with hooks at the ends will cling to its edge.
3. Install the mounting hardware: drive the dowels into the holes with a mallet or hammer, screw the metal anchor to a depth of about 12 cm (it should stop turning). Then hang the boiler.

   Anchors with metal hooks are inserted and screwed into the drilled holes, and then the boiler is hung on them.

Connection to water pipes

1. Using flexible hoses or polypropylene pipes, connect the unit to the water supply. Keep in mind that connecting through plastic pipes will cost you more and take longer. If there are already connection points, then the work will not cause any particular difficulties.
2. In the absence of pre-prepared bends, they will have to be made independently from metal-plastic or plastic pipes. This will take approximately half an hour. It will take more time to insert tees into a steel pipe - about two hours. This will require a die according to the size of the pipe. When connecting, pay attention to the color of the tube rings located at the bottom of the boiler: cold water will be supplied through the tube with a blue ring, hot water will be discharged through the tube with a red ring.

   In the absence of pre-prepared bends, they will have to be made independently from metal-plastic or plastic pipes

3. A safety valve should be installed on the cold water supply to relieve excess pressure. It is done automatically. This helps prevent damage to the water heater. If this part is not included with the water heater, then it will have to be purchased separately. When installing the valve, it is important to consider the direction of water flow. To facilitate maintenance, an additional tee can be inserted in front of the valve and a tap connected to it.

   Through the safety valve, excess water pressure is released during operation

4. Screw a sealant onto the thread, which can be used as tow, plumbing linen or FUM tape, and connect the safety valve. Screw one end of the flexible hose to it. Here you can do without a sealant, since there is a sealed rubber gasket in the hose nut. Screw the end of the second flexible hose to the hot water pipe also without using a seal.

   A rubber gasket is installed in the fastening nut of the flexible hose, so it can be screwed onto the pipe without an intermediate seal (flax, FUM tape, sealing cord, etc.)

5. Connect the end through which cold water will flow to the water pipe through a valve or faucet. This is necessary so that the water supply can be shut off, for example, in the event of replacing boiler parts. Connect the free end of the second hose to the pipe going to the mixer.

   The pipe through which cold water will flow into the boiler is connected through a ball valve

6. If you need a flow-type unit only for the time the hot water supply is turned off, connect it through a shower hose. To do this, only cold water is connected to the boiler:
   
7. Connect the hot water outlet to the hot water faucet using a metal-plastic pipe or flexible hoses without the use of additional elements. To check the tightness of the connections, run water, fill the container and leave for about an hour. In the absence of leaks during this time, feel free to turn on the unit in the mains.

Before installing a water heater in the bathroom, make sure you have a hot water circulation system. This will help to minimize energy losses with the constant presence of hot water in the pipes.

Video: connection diagram of the boiler to the water supply

Connecting the boiler to the electrical network

Some boilers come with a cable with a plug connected to the unit. If these elements are not available, then they are purchased separately.

Always follow safety precautions when working with electricity to avoid accidents.

Video: how to connect the boiler to electricity

Boiler connection via time relay

In order to save electricity, the boiler can be connected via a time relay. This will allow you to turn off the water heating late at night or during the day when it is not needed. If a heat accumulator is connected to the water heater, it can, on the contrary, be turned on at night, when the tariff for electricity consumption is lower than during the day. During the day, it will automatically turn off.

Consider the option of connecting the boiler through the time relay ABB AT1-R. It can be either with a battery inside or without it. The battery inside the mechanism allows you to work offline for 200 hours.

The relay allows you to turn on the power of an electrical device only at certain periods of time

The line supplying the water heater will go from the shield located in the furnace room directly to the device. The time relay of this model is equipped with one contact for closing. Depending on the type of boiler, it has the ability to switch a resistive load up to 16 A.

The device has a scale indicating the values ​​​​of time intervals. Four divisions indicate intervals of 15 minutes. Thus, the time intervals can be set equal to 15, 30 and 45 minutes.

Initially, when voltage is applied to the time relay, the connected load will be in the on state. This means that with the help of the levers we will set the load off time.

To independently disconnect the load, you must move the red lever located next to the time scale to position 1.

After that, you need to set the response time. Try to choose an even hour for this, for example, 18:00 or a multiple of 15 minutes: 18:15, 18:30, 18:45. To set the time, you need to turn the drum until the desired reading on the scale matches the white lever next to the “1-0” mark.

Video: installation and connection of a water heater (boiler)

In order for the boiler to retain heat better, it must be wrapped with polypropylene foam, polyurethane foam or isolon. The insulating material is fixed with glue or wire. Thermal insulation of the entire surface of the boiler not only helps to retain heat, but also reduces the heating time of water by increasing the efficiency of the coolant. High-quality insulation will not allow the water to cool quickly.

High-quality insulation will not allow the water to cool quickly

The second way to insulate the boiler is to place a smaller container inside a large tank. The resulting space acts as a heater.

The space between the walls of the tanks acts as a heater

And yet, if you realize that you are unable to install the boiler yourself, or there is a need to replace the pipes due to wear and tear, contact the specialists. Their services will not cost you too much: dismantling an old water heater - about 500 rubles, installing and connecting a new device - about 7,000 rubles. In this case, you will be sure that the equipment is connected correctly and you will not have an accident or explosion. There is one more important point: when installing the boiler yourself, as a rule, the manufacturer's warranty is canceled.

After purchasing a water heater, an urgent question arises - how to install it? Most likely, you have already chosen the place where it will be located and now you just have to properly install it. To find out how to do this, please see the information below.

What tools are required to connect the water heater:

• water heater (boiler);
• 2 water hoses of increased flexibility (should be resistant to hot water);
• 2 dowel nails with a hook;
• plumbing linen or sealing tape;
• crane (diameter is selected under the pipe);
• valve (should come with the boiler in the kit);
• standard repair kit.

Design and connection of a mounted and floor boiler

The average boiler, on the basis of which the instructions for connecting the water heater are written, consists of the following elements:

• water tank;
• water inlet and outlet systems;
• thermostat.

How to connect a mounted boiler?

1. Consider the optimal location of the boiler. It should be located next to the outlet and both pipes - water will enter and exit through them. The shorter the distance to these elements, the less additional materials will be required for installation. Installation is carried out in an open way.
2. Attach the boiler with the brackets that should come with the kit. They are specially calculated for the maximum mass of the boiler and are able to withstand severe loads on the base. Study the documentation and general requirements for brackets, which are described in the instructions. According to them, buy elements of the required strength.
3. Check the water outlet, it must be at the bottom.
4. Now install the safety valve. It is a necessary element that will protect your tank and keep it intact under huge pressure or excess temperature. Be sure to take these precautions! Without a valve, your tank could rupture. The valve opening should be open. Often, those who connect the storage water heater with their own hands forget to ensure the removal of excess water in a timely manner, and endanger the premises and its inhabitants.

Often, the valve that comes with domestic equipment cannot cope with the above problems and it is better to purchase the valve separately, based on the features and capabilities of the water heater.

Storage water heater safety group

1. It consists of a system of small parts: a coupling, a tee, a valve, a check valve, a fitting and a fuse. Connect them as shown in the picture above.
2. Attach compression hoses to sewer pipes to drain water. It is necessary to use only special hoses for transporting hot water or ordinary garden ones. But the latter are highly discouraged for safe operation.
3. Now you need to seal the joints with sealant. It is sold in every hardware store. Apply it to the joints, leave for 6-8 hours to dry. When applying the sealant, the water must be blocked for the entire drying period, and the pipe must be completely dry. Even a few drops of water can damage the seal.
4. After 6-8 hours, connect the boiler to the water supply system using prepared hoses.
5. It is advisable to buy pipes for transporting water from polypropylene. They have a very high shelf life, unlike metal ones, they are cheaper and more convenient to install. Join them with polypropylene welding and allow a little time for the seams to dry.
6. Warm liquid is also discharged through the ball valve. This method is universal and makes it possible to connect boilers that accumulate water or flow.
7. The system should look so that in the case of closed taps, the liquid does not leak. However, if it becomes necessary to turn off the riser tap, water should still be available.
8. The type of connection of the water heater greatly affects the connection to the network. When using a water heater powered by the mains, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of the Electrical Installation Code, including: the mandatory use of moisture-proof sockets, grounding, a separate RCD if the boiler operates on two phases, etc.
9. Check all elements and start test water heating.

To study in more detail the wiring diagram of pipes and electricity, we suggest looking at the installation diagram of a vertical water heater, presented below.

Installation of a floor boiler

Mounting the boiler to a floor or horizontal type pipeline will take a little time, however, the work carried out during its installation will be much more voluminous. Such a boiler weighs about 100 kilograms, and its power often exceeds 50 kilowatts.

1. It is not easy to exhibit and transport it on your own. We advise you to enlist the support of another person.
2. The system for connecting the device to pipes is similar to a mounted water heater and there is no point in describing it again. The only difference is that the hot water outlet is on the top instead of the bottom.
3. Under the grounding of such powerful boilers, a separate output is required to avoid unpleasant situations.
4. For grounding, you need to separate the cable from the metal part of the boiler and connect it to the outlet to the ground.

To study in more detail the wiring diagram of pipes and electricity, we suggest looking at the horizontal water heater installation diagram below.

Video on connecting the boiler to the water supply

We offer some useful videos that will help solve some problems when installing a heater.

Video on installing a mounted vertical water heater:

The man talks in great detail about connecting a mounted boiler. Thanks to the video instruction, you will need only 15 minutes to connect the boiler with your own hands in the apartment.

Video on installing a floor horizontal water heater:

A very detailed video on installing a large capacity boiler, however, the comments in the video are purely on instructions, no deviations and recommendations are given for the average person. But as an example of installing a floor boiler, the best option is not found in RuNet.

Video analysis of the installation diagram:

A very useful analysis of the scheme for connecting a water heater to a water supply system, an electrical network. The diagram above is taken as a basis in order to eliminate confusion and better understand the principle of installation.

In conclusion, I would like to give some advice on the correct installation of the boiler and its maintenance. These tips will help you keep your water heater from breaking down prematurely.

1. The best option for installing a boiler is in the kitchen. Take note of the fact that the liquid must flow directly to the faucets located in the kitchen and bathroom. You should think carefully about the place of installation. Try to stick to the corner placement, keeping the minimum distance to the water pipes and the outlet.
2. When installing horizontal floor units, it is important to use a non-return valve. The valve will help filter the freshly received cold water from hot. In this case, hot water will be supplied to the taps without mixing with cold water.
3. If you are installing in a village and drawing water from a well or your own well, then you need to attach a circulation pump to the system, which will supply water to the boiler if necessary.
4. Never start the boiler if there is no water in it. Running idly may cause it to break. Turn on the heating only when the machine is completely filled with water.
5. Connect the water heater only to a grounded power outlet. Do not use one branch to connect a washing machine, drill and other devices with a resistive load along with a water heater. Otherwise, a short circuit may occur.
6. If there is such an opportunity in the heating system, then you can install a floor boiler to any appliance in the workplace or in a private house. For example, draw a conclusion for heating a pool or bath. It is also possible to make a full-fledged water heating in the house, chasing water through pipes.
7. If the coupling is not tightened enough or it is installed incorrectly, the device will break down and you will need to repair it soon. In this case, it will not be repaired under warranty and the restoration will take place entirely at your expense.

Conclusion

Installing a water heater to a water supply system in a house or apartment is a task that requires some care and attention.

Do not ignore the installation advice that you will be given in the hardware store. Listen to every comment, because each brand has its own assembly strategy and design features, although in general the devices are similar to each other. When buying, pay attention to the packaging so as not to go to the store for parts a second time.

I would like to note that, unlike gas water heaters, water heaters do not require any accompanying documents that confirm compliance with GOST standards and do not need mandatory certification.

In contact with

To provide a home with hot water, many methods are used: gas water heaters, flow and storage boilers. If for some reason it is impossible to use a gas water heater, then the choice of a boiler remains an alternative option. Moreover, it is not difficult to connect such a water heater with your own hands.

Before connecting the water heater, it should be noted that the units are divided into flow and storage. Powerful heating elements are installed in the flow-through design, which provide rapid heating of the liquid flowing past them.

Storage water heaters have capacities of different sizes. To keep the temperature in the tank, it has good thermal insulation. Storage boilers can be divided into types:

• direct heating;
• indirect heating;
• combined.

Boiler direct heating

In devices of this type, heating elements are located inside the tank, which provide heating of the liquid. When the boiler has already been connected to the water supply, cold water is supplied from below, and the already heated one comes out through the top of the tank.

The liquid temperature is controlled by a temperature sensor. Units may be designed to vertical mounting, as well as horizontal.

Indirect heating boiler

Indirect heating devices are paired with some kind of coolant: a heating system or a solar system (solar panels). By design, the device resembles a direct heating device, but the only difference is that it has no heaters. The heating of the liquid occurs due to the hot water in the heating system circulating in the heat exchanger. How to connect an indirect heating boiler will be discussed further.

Combined devices

The device turns into a combined water heater when heating elements are inserted into it (holes for mounting heaters can be provided in the tank). It is convenient to use such a device in summer, when the heating is turned off or when there is not enough power produced by the heating circuit.

Connecting a storage boiler

For the supply and removal of liquid, at the bottom of the water heater (accumulative) are installed fittings. Red is for hot water, blue for cold. It is recommended to use polypropylene pipes, which provide a reliable connection.

The figure below shows the simplest and most reliable scheme for connecting a water heater to a water supply.

The following rules must be observed:

• it should be possible to shut off the water supply to the dwelling using valves;
• branches leading to the unit must have stopcocks;
• if poor-quality water is supplied to the main, it is necessary to install a water filter after the stopcock;
• between the inlet to the tank and the safety valve, it is necessary to install a drain valve that allows you to quickly drain the water from the tank if repair or maintenance of the device is required;
• before connecting the storage water heater to the water supply, it is necessary to acquire various types of fittings, T-bends (tees) of flexible and rigid connecting pipes in advance.

In addition, the connection of a storage water heater requires the mandatory installation of a safety group of two valves. Safety mounted to protect the tank from overpressure. If it rises to a critical level, the valve opens and the liquid is discharged through the drain hose into the sewer or a special container. Back the valve prevents water from flowing out of the tank when the pressure in the line decreases or it is absent. Thus, it prevents the heating elements from drying out, overheating and burning out.

The connection diagram of the water heater (boiler) to the water supply is shown in the figure:

The set of parts for connecting the device to the water supply may vary depending on the material of the main water pipes.

For iron or steel pipes

How to properly connect the boiler to the water supply, if the main line is laid in the apartment (house) using standard iron pipes? You can use the modern connection method, without the use of welding (welding a threaded adapter). In this case, it is used adapter "vampire", which is a collar supplemented with a hole and a thread.

Adapter "vampire"

The installation of the clamp is very simple, and is carried out in this way:

• the place on the riser must first be cleaned of paint and rust;
• the clamp must be placed on the riser, using rubber gaskets, and tighten the bolts to fix it;
• shut off the water supply and drain the rest by opening any mixer tap;
• drill a pipe through a hole in the clamp using an electric drill;
• further, by winding the tap, you can begin to connect the required elements.

With metal-plastic pipes

Connecting a water heater to such a conduit is the simplest. Metal-plastic bends easily, and various types are used to connect elements. compression fittings.

Connection steps:

• cut the pipe of the required size;
• then you will need to carefully select a place for the tie-in, while taking into account the size of the tee itself with the minus of the part of the pipe that will go into the connection;
• to cut a small area, you can use special scissors;
• it is necessary to remove the nuts from the tee and, together with the fixation rings, put on the 2 ends of the pipe;
• flare the ends of the metal-plastic using a special calibrator or screwdriver;
• insert the tee until it stops, after which you need to move the rings and tighten the nuts with a wrench.

There are also fittings for metal-plastic pipes, which require pressure testing (compression). In this case, you will need additional special tools.

For polypropylene pipes

Before connecting the boiler to the water supply using polypropylene pipes, you must prepare: soldering iron plastic conduits, scissors for cutting it, a pair of tees and adapters for the thread, which is located on the valves and the emergency valve, as well as the number of corners necessary for the design. Further:

• the place of connection is selected;
• a section equal to the width of the tee is cut out in the pipe, minus 2 centimeters (1 cm will go into the tee on each side);
• using a soldering iron, it is necessary to heat the pipe and fitting to the desired state and connect them (during the connection, they cannot be turned, as this may violate the tightness);
• using segments of the conduit of different lengths and corners, an eyeliner is made to the branch pipes of the unit;
• a threaded coupling is soldered to the end of the conduit, after which the entire structure is securely connected.

Step by step connection of all elements

Regardless of which conduits will be used in an apartment or house, the connection diagram of the storage unit and the algorithm for connecting all elements will be the same.

The scheme for connecting the storage boiler to the water supply is shown in the figure:

Electrical connection

It is not recommended to plug the device into a regular socket. This option of connecting to the electrical network cannot be considered safe and can lead to a fire. And yet, how to connect the water heater? The connection of the boiler to the home electrical network must be carried out through a separately extended line from the shield. The line is equipped circuit breaker, while the power of the machine must be at least 16A. The factory wire is disconnected from the heater and a new one is connected three-core cable(copper), having a cross section of 2.5 mm.

Apparatus required must be grounded. Otherwise, when bathing in the shower, a slight tingling current and other troubles are possible, up to the failure of the wiring and a fire. Grounding is connected in the switchboard. If you don’t understand anything about this, invite an electrician.

Connecting an indirect heating boiler

The indirect heating device does not have its own heat source, but uses heat energy from other sources (central heating, gas or solid fuel boiler, etc.). Therefore, for each source, an individual scheme for connecting an indirect heating boiler is selected.

R heating system

The device with indirect heating has strapping, which is connected to the water supply and heating circuit. In this case, you must adhere to the following rules:

• cold water must be supplied through the bottom of the tank;
• the exit of the heated liquid is carried out through the top of the unit;
• in the middle there should be a recirculation point;
• the connection of the thermal energy carrier must be such that it starts moving through the top of the heat exchanger and exits through its lower branch pipe - thanks to this movement, the maximum efficiency of the device is achieved.

With 3 way valve

Such a connection of an indirect heating boiler is implemented if there is a circulation pump. As can be seen in the figure, the heating circuit and the unit are connected in parallel, and a three-way valve (controlled by a temperature sensor located in the device body) is mounted after the pump.

The valve is connected to the unit by one of its outlets. A tee is cut into the return line in front of the boiler, to which the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger is connected. On this, the insert into the heating system can be considered complete.

The principle of operation of the circuit

When information is received from the temperature sensor that the liquid temperature in the tank is lower than the set one, the valve switches the coolant supply to the unit, and the heating system is turned off. Thus, the redirection of the entire heat carrier flow through the heat exchanger contributes to the rapid heating of the liquid. When the liquid is warm enough, the valve will again direct the flow to the heating circuit.

This boiler connection scheme can also be used for connecting to a double-circuit boiler.

R non-volatile system

With the existing scheme in which the boiler is non-volatile, it is recommended to place the device above the level of the radiators. With this arrangement, the circulation of the coolant will occur due to gravitational forces. Although, a pump can also be built into this circuit, but there will be no heated water during a power outage.

With this type of connection, it is necessary that the water conduit leading to the unit has a cross-sectional diameter of 1 step larger than that used for heating. This achieves priority.

With recirculation

The unit with recirculation allows instantaneous supply of hot water to the consumer. This is convenient because it does not require draining the cool liquid until the hot one starts to flow. This possibility is provided by the installed pump to maintain circulation in looped circuit. This system is called recirculation. This design often includes a towel dryer.

In the recirculation system in the piping of the apparatus, the following is used:

• non-return valve that prevents mixing of hot and cold water flows;
• air duct - its task is to prevent air from entering while the pump is turned on;
• safety valve - relieves pressure in emergency situations;
• expansion tank, is designed to compensate for the expansion of the heat carrier, while the pressure in the tank should not rise above the level of operation of the safety valve.

Thus, if you connect the water heater in accordance with all the rules, this will allow the units to operate in the correct mode and provide the consumer with hot water.

The boiler in many cases acts as an indispensable equipment built into the water supply system. Its installation is advisable in two cases: if there is only a cold water supply and if there is hot water, which is supplied irregularly.

Often there is a situation when installing a boiler is a more profitable way to provide hot water than using a central hot water supply. In many settlements, water tariffs are very high, which leads to a similar situation.

Water heater installed in the apartment

There are a wide variety of water heaters on the market today. The main indicator by which you should make a choice is the type of device. Allocate storage and flow boilers. The first type has the form of a large tank in which a heating element is installed. This allows you to provide a significant amount of hot water.

As it is used up, the tank is replenished and heated. However, if the water is completely used up, then heating the new one will take some time. The flow boiler is smaller. The question of how to connect the boiler to the water supply is simpler for him - the device is placed on the pipe and works immediately after the tap is opened.

Another parameter by which devices can be classified is the heat source. Most boilers run on electricity, it is easier and safer. However, the cost of energy can be high. Gas equipment is more difficult to install, however, its cost of operation is lower. Certified professionals are required for the installation of a gas heating device. This is the only way to obtain an operating permit, which is issued by the state organization that supplies gas.

You can also connect a hot water boiler yourself, since the device works in the same way as a conventional electric kettle. It is more difficult to integrate the boiler into the plumbing system. And if for flow devices this usually does not cause problems, then when installing storage boilers, follow the instructions.

Wiring diagram for an electric storage boiler

Before you directly connect the boiler to the water supply system, you should perform the following actions:

Scheme of connecting the storage water heater

• Choose an installation location . It is recommended to choose a place where access to the connecting elements will be provided. They break down quite often and periodically need maintenance, so easy access to them will facilitate many of the work during operation.
• Find a solid foundation . A household boiler can weigh more than 100 kg. The wall on which the boiler will be mounted must be strong enough. Otherwise, a supporting structure will be required.
• Proximity of water pipes . If they are nearby, then this will simplify installation. Otherwise, there is a need for additional pipeline.

The electric boiler is equipped with a heating element. To ensure fast heating, it usually has a large power. Therefore, you should think about the electrical connection in advance.. It is necessary to calculate what section of the wire will be required to provide the device with energy.

In the question of how to properly connect the boiler to the water supply, the work should be carried out in the following sequence:

• Check valve installation.
• Check valve installation.
• Installation of the outgoing system.

The algorithm depends on the pipe material - plastic or steel. It is much easier to join plastic pipes. To work with plastic pipes, you will need a soldering device. Joining steel pipes often requires welding. In plastic pipes, installation is carried out using tees and couplings. Metal-plastic pipes are connected by fittings.

Connection to steel pipes can be made without welding. For this, a tee is used, popularly called "vampire". It is a wide collar, the side of which has a threaded pipe. The tee is fastened to a clean pipe surface. The connection is sealed with rubber pads and fixed with screws. After that, a hole is drilled in the pipe. A stopcock with a flexible hose is screwed into the pipe.

Installation of a flowing electric boiler

For the question of how to connect an instantaneous water heater, there is the following instruction:

Flow water heater connection diagram

1. Shutdown of water supply.
2. Making a cut in the required location of the pipeline.
3. Installation of shutoff valves. This allows the boiler to be dismantled for maintenance or repair without shutting off the water supply.
4. Connecting the inlet and outlet pipes of the heater with shut-off valves using flexible hoses.

Conclusion

Since there are many boilers of various designs on the modern market, it is quite difficult to write a universal installation scheme.

The most important point of the instruction is the need for grounding. Unfortunately, this point is often ignored. Water and electricity are a dangerous combination. To protect yourself from electric shock, you must carefully follow the requirements in the instructions. In addition to grounding, a residual current device is often required.

How to connect a water heater to the water supply - an overview of options

To solve the problem with hot water, not only in the house in the country, but also in the apartment - the installation of a water heater will help.

Currently, manufacturers offer several types of different water heaters, each of which can be installed both in a country house and in an apartment in a bathroom.

As a rule, the most commonly used electric water heater today is either storage type or instantaneous.

Both types of devices have specific features in their work, but in any case, each unit, if connected correctly, can supply hot water to the faucet and shower at the same time.

The operation scheme of any type of electric water heater is based on the conversion of current energy into thermal energy, which means that both the storage and the flow devices must have a heating element.

In any case, if you have a connection diagram at hand, then all the required tools and consumables, installation of any type of heater in a house in a country house or in an apartment in a bathroom can be done by hand.

How to install a water heater in the bathroom to simultaneously supply hot water to the faucet and shower is described in the video posted in our article.

Mounting and installation features

Installation of both storage and flow types of heaters, with the right approach to business, can be done by hand both in the bathroom in the apartment and in the country house.

Of course, in order to do all the work correctly, you must have minimal plumbing skills and know the principle of operation of the selected water heater.

When installing the unit, you should not rush, as you can miss any detail, as a result of which there is a risk that the connection diagram will be broken and the device will not work correctly.

Do-it-yourself installation of a water heater will save significant funds on calling a master and will provide an opportunity to gain experience in performing this type of work.

The installation of a water heater, regardless of its type, is carried out according to certain rules, taking into account safety standards.

Before you start installing a water heating device in a bathroom in an apartment or in a country house, you need to think through every little thing.

You should choose the right place where it will be located.

The device itself must be freely accessible not only at the time of its installation, but also during the entire period of subsequent operation.

In addition, you should pay attention to the surface of the wall on which the device itself will be placed. It must freely support the weight of the device and have a flat surface.

You should also pay attention to the condition of the wiring. For an electric type water heater, the quality and condition of the wires plays an important role and is the key to safe operation.

In addition, it is necessary to check the condition of all pipes and risers in the apartment or in the country and, if necessary, replace them.

At hand should be a diagram of the entire connection, which should also indicate the piping for the shower and faucet.

Device selection

Currently, specialized stores offer a huge selection of water heaters of various types, but a person is arranged in such a way that he is always looking for a device that will be of high quality and affordable price at the same time.

In this case, Termex brand units, which are presented in a wide range, will be an excellent choice.

Termex accumulative type devices are distinguished not only by their ease of installation, but also by their reliable design. Termex can be easily installed both in the bathroom in the apartment and in the house in the country.

In addition, the installation of Termex implies the simultaneous supply of hot water to both the shower and the tap in the bathroom.

The water heater of this brand has a special safety valve that protects it from various malfunctions.

Under the Termex brand, water heaters and flow type are produced. These devices are also made only from high-quality components, which guarantees their long service life.

The scheme of operation of the Termex flow type water heater involves the simultaneous supply of water to the shower and faucet when installed in the bathroom.

In addition, the special safety valve installed on the Termex flow device allows you not to worry about its safety.

A distinctive feature of all types of Termex brand water heaters is that their installation does not take much time and can be done by hand.

In any case, when choosing a water heater for an apartment or a house in the country, you should, first of all, pay attention to both the quality of its performance and its appearance.

You should also take an interest in the operating conditions, since the convenience of using the unit in the future largely depends on this.

Installing a flow heater

Flow type water heaters have one characteristic feature, namely, compact dimensions, which allows them to be installed directly under the sink in the kitchen or bathroom.

The heating of the liquid in them occurs in a special metal flask, in which sufficiently powerful heaters are placed.

In view of this, when installing this type of water heaters, it is necessary that the wiring in the country house or in the apartment be in good condition and be able to withstand heavy loads.

It is best to install a separate machine for this water heater, to which to lead a wire with a large cross section.

After the problems with the supply of electricity are solved, you can proceed to the installation of the device itself.

How to connect a water heater: step by step instructions

It can be installed either according to a temporary scheme, or according to a stationary one.

In the first case, it is necessary to insert a special tee into a pipe with cold water and connect it to the device itself through an additional valve.

After that, it remains only to apply voltage to the water heater and open the tap for hot water.

Meanwhile, a stationary installation implies the necessary supply and intake of liquid in pipes parallel to the general plumbing system.

In order to install in this way, it will be necessary to cut tees into the pipes, directly under cold and hot water. Next, shut-off valves are hermetically installed.

This can be done with a fum tape or ordinary tow. After that, it is necessary to connect the inlet pipe of the water heater to the pipe that is responsible for supplying cold liquid.

Then the outlet pipe with a tap is connected, which is responsible for supplying hot water.

If everything works properly, then electricity can be supplied to the water heater, after which hot water should flow from the corresponding tap.

To increase the safety of the entire system, it is recommended to install a safety valve together with the water heater.

How the instantaneous water heater is installed is described in more detail in the video above.

When installing storage-type water heaters, the requirements for electrical wiring are not as strict as those for flow-through ones. In addition, the cost of such devices is much lower.

It should also be noted that a scheme is quite common in which this water heater simultaneously provides water supply to both the shower and the faucet, which explains their popularity.

Installing such a water heater correctly, with all the necessary material and tools, everyone can, and in a fairly short period of time.

First you need to check the condition of the electrical wiring and plumbing system in the apartment, and if there are any malfunctions, they must be eliminated.

Then the water heater itself is fixed on the wall, as shown in the video below, after which it will be necessary to bring not only pipes with wires, but also mount a safety valve.

After the water heater is installed, it is connected to the plumbing system, and a safety valve is also connected.

The subsequent installation consists in the fact that pipes are connected to the corresponding inlets and outlets on the device through a safety valve.

To begin with, the cold pipe is installed and connected, while the safety valve must be in the closed position.

If the installation of any water heater was performed correctly, then hot water will flow from the corresponding tap, while all connections and pipes will be in a sealed state, and the wires will not overheat.

How to install a water heater with your own hands, you can learn in detail on the video, which is posted in our article.

How to install a storage water heater?

Let's figure it out with our own hands on the example of only one model. The sequence of installation of wall-mounted storage water heaters is the same, regardless of model or manufacturer.

Where is the best place to install a storage water heater?

It is easier to answer: where you should not install a water heater.

For example, it is not recommended to hang it over a bathtub or shower, because it is not recommended to splash water on the electrical part of the boiler. If there is not much free space in the bathroom, then you can install a water heater above the washing machine or toilet.

What tools and materials are needed to install a water heater?

To install the water heater, you need hooks with dowels (for suspension), an adjustable wrench, winding (linen) with Unipak paste, corner taps, a tape measure, a pencil (marker), a puncher or an impact drill (depending on the material of the walls), a drill of the appropriate diameter.

Installing a storage water heater

Installation begins with measuring the distance between the fasteners on the boiler itself. Mounts are two brackets on the back of the case at the top. We need two sizes: 1) the distance from the top of the water heater to the bottom of these brackets; 2) the distance between the middle of the brackets. The first size is needed so as not to make the canopies too close to the ceiling - so that the boiler cannot be hung. The second dimension is the distance between the hooks on which the boiler will hang.

We also add to the first size how much it is not a pity, for example, 50 mm, so that the water heater is not close to the ceiling. And we mark the resulting size on the wall from the ceiling in the selected place.

We first draw an center line on the wall, and from it to the left and right in half of the second size. By level, we check that these two marks are on the same horizontal line, otherwise the boiler will hang crookedly:

After marking, you can drill. Remember to make sure that there are no electrical wires running through the drilling points.

drilled; we hammered plastic dowels into the holes and screw the hooks into them:

We screw it in not completely, but leaving a gap of ~ 10 mm between the hooks and the wall - so that you can hang the boiler.

Boiler hung up

A non-return valve, also called a safety valve, is screwed onto the cold supply:

The valve is included with all water heaters. It is needed to protect the water heater from excess pressure that occurs when water expands when it is heated.

Do-it-yourself storage water heater connection

I repeat: a safety valve is installed on the cold water supply pipeline.

Please note: there is an arrow on the valve body indicating the direction of water flow.

A few words about why to put a valve if there is a thermostat in the boiler itself. But if the thermostat does not work, and the water begins to boil, the pressure in the system rises, then the safety valve “takes on”: it opens and releases excess pressure.

Attention! Valves are designed for a certain pressure, which must be taken into account: if the valve is designed for pressure less than in your system, then it will work constantly.

And finally, we connect the water heater to the outlets of the water pipes, on which there should be taps:

It is clear that the pipe outlets must be made in advance, at the design stage, having determined where the water heater will be installed and where the pipes will be connected to it.

Features of outlets for the boiler

The socket must be installed in the bathroom with a protective cover. And the outlet for the boiler must have its own automatic switch - so that each time you don’t pull the outlet, but turn it off with a switch (before taking a shower or bath, the boiler must be turned off so as not to get an electric shock through humid air).

Filling the water heater with water and turning it on after installation

To fill the boiler with water, slightly open the tap with cold water (the tap that is for the boiler, and not anyhow).

Important! The boiler does not need to be plugged into the outlet yet!

Then we open the hot tap on the shower or bath faucet and ... nothing should come out of it. We open the hot water supply from the water heater and wait for water to flow from the shower faucet.

It is clear that when the water heater is first filled, the water will not be hot (I remind you: the boiler has not yet been connected to the outlet!), The task now is to make sure that the water is moving through the pipelines properly. It is advisable to remove the grids on the shower mixer so that the debris that is likely to come out of the pipes and not clog these grids.

While the boiler is filling, let's see if there are any leaks. If available, tighten the connections.

The water from the shower faucet went - excellent. The boiler is full. We return the mesh to the mixer tap.

The queue for the inclusion of the boiler in the network. We set the relay-regulator to zero. Plug the boiler into an outlet. Set the temperature. How to set the water temperature for a specific water heater model, it is better to read in the passport for this particular model, and not on Internet sites.

That's all about it how to install storage water heater.

P. S. This completes the step-by-step instructions for arranging water supply and sewerage with your own hands. I'm glad it helped you.

how to install storage water heater

How to check the water heater heater

Water heaters today are not a luxury, but one of the most necessary devices that saves during periods of water shutdown and lack of hot water, as well as during difficult times of repair work, which, unfortunately, happens quite often. However, the water heater will be able to work for a long time and uninterruptedly only if you take care of it and treat it carefully - clean it in time, monitor the safety of its parts, ask yourself in a timely manner “how to check the water heater heater?” and correct it if it is defective.

Studying the design of the water heater will allow you to carry out repair work on your own, without resorting to the help of specialists, since knowledge of the design allows you to determine the faulty element and have an idea about the procedure for replacing or repairing it. Moreover, the work of this type of work is not so difficult, since water heaters have a fairly simple design: (See also: How to change the TEN in a water heater)

1. The body is the main part of the device. This is the largest component of the water heater, which includes all the others;
2. The heat-insulating layer allows you to protect the unit from heat loss;
3. The tank is another important detail. It is designed to heat incoming cold water;
4. Hot water intake tube;
5. Magnesium anode protects internal elements from corrosion and its destructive effect;
6. TEN is another important element with which water is heated. Not much different from teapot ten;
7. The cold intake pipe supplies cold water;
8. Sensors, which are represented by a thermostat, thermostat and thermal switch. These elements are the only technological representatives in such a device. These parts are responsible for the safety of the entire device, and also contribute to the automatic implementation of heating, as well as independent shutdown;

(See also: How to replace the heating element in the boiler with your own hands)

9. The control panel is a necessary element of any device. In this case, it is a set of indicators that indicate a particular state of the water heater, a mode switching panel, and a thermostat controller.



Electric water heaters with dry heat, like other others, have the same principle of operation, due to the simplicity of their design. Opening the cold water supply starts the process of filling the internal container - the tank. The unit is connected to the network only after the air is bled, which is carried out by means of a hot water intake.

After switching on, the sensors record the temperature of cold water, after which the signal enters the heating element and the circuit closes. From this moment, the incoming water begins the heating procedure. Thanks to a controlled thermostat, the user can set any temperature up to which the device will heat up. After the completion of the heating process, the heating element turns off, and the device itself does not allow the newly heated water to cool down, keeping the temperature at the required level. After the intake of hot water, the algorithm is repeated again. (See also: Sitemap 2)

The electric heater for the water heater is one of the most important parts, which must be cared for tirelessly in order to ensure accurate and long-term operation of the water heater. The indicator on the device makes it easy to find out what process is happening at the moment, since the heating is indicated by a burning light, and the non-working state is not lit.

Of course, modern water heaters are equipped with all sorts of additional elements that facilitate the operation of the device and make it more functional, however, the basic principle of operation does not change from the heap of functions, whether they are water heaters with dry heat or not.

Reasons for replacing the heating element

To ensure long-term and trouble-free operation, it is recommended to clean the device and maintain it at least once a year. This procedure will allow you to identify existing problems in a timely manner and eliminate them, as well as keep the interior of the water heater clean, preventing corrosion from destroying vital parts. It is important to remember that no matter how good the performance of the anode is, anyway, this element will not last more than 17 months in uninterrupted operation. After this time, it must be changed. (See also: How to descale a boiler)



Replacement of the heater in the water heater is carried out depending on its condition, which is why the inspection should be regular, otherwise the breakdown will be a surprise. What does the technical inspection include:

• Disassembly of the device;
• Anode check;
• Checking the heating element;
• Cleaning of scale and deposits;
• Expert opinion.

It is thanks to a full examination by a specialist that it is possible to avoid untimely breakdowns, keep the device clean, monitor its condition, thereby extending and prolonging the life of the device. In addition, the cleaning of deposits has a positive effect on the health of the consumer, since the water, heated in a tank full of sludge, absorbs harmful trace elements.

The anode must be replaced when it is worn by at least 40% relative to its healthy state. It is easy to determine this shabby, you just need to look at it - a terrible look indicates the need for replacement. The magnesium anode is aimed at protecting the tank, taking the entire impact of corrosion on itself, thereby saving the metal of the tank. (See also: How to clean a boiler)

In addition, cleaning is extremely easy, since magnesium, coupled with oxygen, converts deposits into salt, which can be removed with a slight movement of the hand. That is why timely cleaning and replacement of the water heater is also necessary, as is the replacement of the heating element, regardless of the brand of the device, whether it is a Gorenje water heater with a dry heater or some other.



Many do not know how to find out about a heating element malfunction and the need to replace it as soon as possible, however, it is extremely simple to check the condition of the heater in the water heater:

1. If, when turned on, the RCD is constantly triggered. This moment indicates either a current leakage or a short circuit. Of course, the first thing to think about is the heating element.
2. The water does not heat up when the device is turned on. Of course, the refusal to produce heating is directly related to the failure of the heating element. In this case, you will need a multimeter, with which it is easy to identify the malfunction. The presence of voltage on the contacts during the test indicates a breakthrough.
3. Mechanical damage that is visible during inspection may also suggest an imminent replacement or a heating device that is currently needed.

Draining

The first thing to do before you start disassembling the water heater to replace the heating element is to drain the water, which can be done in four ways:

Simple equipment works in direct conjunction with a heating boiler, which is the source of energy for heating water in a storage water heater.

The efficiency of heating and providing hot water to all consumers of the house in full will directly depend on whether the piping of the boiler with an indirect heating boiler is correctly selected and implemented. .

Indirect heating boiler device

Connection Features

An indirect heating boiler is a storage tank, inside which one or more tubular heat exchangers are located. The hot coolant from the boiler unit circulates through the coil and heats the water in sufficient volume for domestic and household needs.

The principle of operation of the water heater is simple, difficulties arise during the installation and piping of thermal equipment.

Therefore, it will not be superfluous even before starting work to find out the features of connecting a water-heating device:

• The closer the boiler is to the boiler , the more efficient the heat exchange from the heating system.
• Water heater installation must be made in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations - wall models are attached to the wall, floor models are installed on the floor.
• Cold water flow should be supplied through the lower pipe, and the hot intake - through the upper one, then the recirculation point will be in the center of the tank itself.
• Branch pipes for the inlet and outlet of the coolant should "look" towards the heating device. The movement of hot water or antifreeze through the coil must be from top to bottom.

Compliance with these simple rules guarantees the efficient operation of the boiler-boiler system, the efficiency of the heater will reach its maximum and there will be enough hot water for all consumers.

Strapping scheme options

Tying an indirect heating water heater involves connecting the pipelines of the heating boiler and the water supply system.

Connecting a storage water heater in an apartment - there will always be hot water

The efficiency of the entire system, both hot water and heating, depends on the correct installation and piping of the boiler.

Three common schemes are used:

• With the use of a servo and a three-way valve.
• With the use of two circulation pumps.
• With a hydraulic gun.

Scheme 1: piping an indirect heating boiler using a servomotor and a three-way control valve

This connection option is the simplest, it is used with a large consumption of hot water. Two circuits are connected to the heating boiler: the main one (for supplying heat to radiators or a water-heated floor system) and an auxiliary one (for heating water in the boiler). In order to correctly distribute the flow of coolant from the boiler unit, a three-way separating valve is connected between these circuits.

The thermostat controls the temperature of the water in the water heater tank, and, when the set value is reached, it sends a signal to the valve servo drive, which redirects the coolant flow to the heating circuit. When the water temperature in the boiler drops, the reverse switching occurs - the coolant enters the coil.

In this scheme, it is important to correctly adjust the operation of the thermostat - the temperature set in the water heater must be lower than that set on the thermostat of the heating boiler.

Otherwise, the heat carrier will not be able to heat the water in the tank of the water heater to the required temperature, respectively, the valve will not switch the heat flow to the heating circuit.

Boiler piping with servomotor and three-way valve

Scheme 2: piping a water heater with two pumps

Instead of a distribution valve, two pumps can be installed in parallel - for the heating circuit and the DHW. The pumps are controlled by the same thermostat installed in the boiler, which switches the operating mode of the pumping equipment to the specified parameters.

Here, too, the boiler circuit is given priority over the heating one, so the DHW pump is installed first. At the same time, the efficiency of space heating will not decrease - the water in the boiler heats up quickly, so there is no critical decrease in temperature in the heating circuit.

In such a scheme, a check valve must be installed at the outlet of each pump - it will eliminate the mixing of oncoming coolant flows.

Piping a water heater with two pumps

Scheme 3: piping a boiler with a hydraulic arrow

The use of a hydraulic arrow is relevant for a heating system with a large number of independent branches - for a boiler, underfloor heating, several radiator circuits, etc.

Each individual circuit has its own recirculation pump, so without a hydraulic distributor, some problems may arise in the system:

Boiler piping for indirect heating with hydraulic switch

• Operation in abnormal mode will lead to failure of pumping equipment.
• System imbalance.
• Even when the pumps are stopped, heating of the radiators from the flows of other working devices is possible.
• The possibility of thermal shocks and, as a result, the destruction of cast-iron elements of heating equipment.

The hydraulic arrow stabilizes the pressure and flow of the coolant in all directions, evenly distributes heat between consumers and prevents the occurrence of thermal shocks. But the piping scheme for an indirect heating boiler with a hydraulic water separator causes certain difficulties in the design, installation and adjustment of operating devices, therefore, specialists should implement this connection option.

Boiler piping for indirect heating with recirculation

If hot water is not consumed for a long period of time, it starts to cool down. When you turn on the tap, you have to wait a few minutes until the hot flow from the boiler reaches the consumer. To reduce the time for draining the cooled water, they use a water heater piping with recirculation - the heated flow is forced to move through a closed cycle of pipelines and almost instantly “delivers” hot water to any point of consumption.

To implement such a scheme, another circuit with its own circulation pump is additionally mounted to the boiler, and additional piping elements are installed:

• Non-return valve (prevents back flow of water in the pipeline).
• Expansion tank (compensates pressure in the DHW circuit when the taps are closed).
• Automatic air vent (excludes airing of the pump).
• Safety valve (protects the water heater from overpressure).

Boiler piping for indirect heating with recirculation

The choice of a piping scheme for DHW and heating circuits, with or without the possibility of recirculation, depends on the characteristics of the heating system, accurate calculations of the equipment's power and the need for hot water.

If you have any difficulties with the design and execution of work, it is better to seek help from specialized companies.

If desired, each user can make an independent connection of the water heater to the water supply, the diagram of which is attached in the product passport. To understand how to properly connect the device to the home water supply network, it is enough to study the selection of heated water from the tank and follow the instructions in accordance with the diagram. The procedure is not particularly complicated, and it can be done even alone, unless mounting the water heater on the wall with your own hands will require outside help.

The principle of taking water from the tank

There is one correct scheme for connecting a storage water heater, taking into account the features of its design and allowing you to quickly empty the tank if necessary. This need arises for the following reasons:

• scheduled cleaning of the tank and heating element from scale;
• the occurrence of a malfunction;
• moving or replacing the device with a new one;
• emptying the water heater in the country or in the house with periodic heating in the winter.

The connection of the water heater to the water supply, the scheme of its installation and placement must take into account that the water is taken from the upper zone of the tank. This is explained by the fact that at the top the water is the hottest, and in the lower zone there is a replenishment with a cold stream in the presence of water intake in the DHW system. The selection takes place through a vertical tube, the cut of which is located precisely in the upper zone.

The water from the tank must not be allowed to return to the cold water supply system, so the boiler is connected to the water supply through a check valve. If the pressure drops in the network as a result of turning off the water, the valve will not allow the contents of the tank to flow back into the pipe.

As a result of the standard connection of the boiler to the water supply, it cannot be quickly emptied by opening a hot water tap. Even unscrewing the DHW pipe from the fitting will not have an effect, since the water intake is too high, and there is a check valve on the cold one. The problem of draining is solved by a simple scheme for connecting the water heater to the water supply, assembled at the installation stage of the device.

What is required for installation?

Before installing an electric or gas boiler, it is necessary to allocate a suitable place for it, taking into account the following points:

• placement of a water heater in an apartment or a private house should be done taking into account ease of use and maintenance;
• it must be foreseen that when emptying or repairing the apparatus, a significant part of the water may spill onto the floor;
• it is convenient to connect the water heater on your own when the water supply and electrical network runs nearby and in the same room;
• do-it-yourself installation and connection of a gas boiler involves the supply of natural gas to the premises.

Based on the above conditions, the installation and connection of a storage water heater can be performed in such premises of a private house or apartment:

• kitchen - above the sink;
• bathroom - above the bath;
• boiler room - above the tiled floor.

Before deciding how to connect the boiler to the water supply, you need to hang it on the wall. To perform all the work, you will need an electric drill with an impact function (or a hammer drill), carbide-tipped drills and a standard set of locksmith tools, including a gas and adjustable wrench. The boiler connection diagram is assembled from the following elements and materials:

• a check valve with a safety valve in one housing (as a rule, it comes with a boiler);
• tee bronze DN 15 (1/2 ");
• ball valve DN 15 (1/2") - 3 pcs., 2 of them - with an American;
• pipes for connection (usually metal-polymer);
• FUM tape, linen or a special thread for sealing joints.

There is also an electrical connection diagram for the boiler, according to which it is necessary to purchase differential circuit breakers for a current of 16 A (2 pcs.), A socket and plug with a grounding contact, as well as a power cable of the required length. The connection of the apparatus operating on natural gas is carried out by means of a gas hose.

Self-assembly of the system

The procedure begins with the wall mounting of the device, and after that the question of how to connect the storage water heater is decided. Since the boiler has a significant weight, it is better to mount it with an assistant. During installation, regular fasteners and anchor bolts or other devices are usually used if the wall is wooden or is a frame sheathed with drywall.

To connect the water heater with your own hands to the water supply network, turn off the water supply in the house and follow the instructions:

1. Screw a tee to the cold water supply fitting (it is painted blue), and a regular check valve (it is also a safety valve) to it.
2. Connect a ball valve without an American to the tee. For ease of emptying, a 90° elbow with a hose fitting can be screwed onto it.
3. Below the check valve, put a ball valve with an American. Install the same one on the hot water supply branch (marked in red on the water heater).
4. Connect the installed fittings to the cold and hot water supply system.

If the installation of the boiler with your own hands was carried out in a boiler room or other place where there are no sanitary appliances under the apparatus, then the safety valve fitting must be connected to the sewer outlet with a flexible tube.

In the absence of a sewer system, the tube is lowered into a transparent plastic bottle or canister. During operation of the unit, the heated water expands, and its excess slowly exits through the spout of the safety valve.

Thanks to the assembled connection scheme, the boiler is easily emptied through a tee with a valve. Before draining, the cold water cut-off valve is closed, and the hot one is opened. You also need to open hot water at the nearest mixer, a maximum of 2 liters will flow out from there. Then the tap on the tee opens, and from there a drain occurs, the place of water in the tank is occupied by air entering through the mixer. Filling the container is easier: you need to open a cold shut-off valve and wait until water runs out of the previously opened mixer. But first, do not forget to close the valve on the tee.