Long burning pellet pyrolysis boilers. What is the difference between pyrolysis and pellet boilers. Pricing policy for pellet boilers from Europe

Today, the X-TEPLO portal presents its readers with an expert review of the updated range of pellet boilers, popular in Russia, produced under the brand. The brand of these boilers has long won the trust of the consumer in the market, so we don't pass by, we share our impressions of the updated PELLET series.

It is impossible to achieve revolutionary changes in the technologies of pellet boilers today, therefore all of them, which is logical, are concentrated around the comfort of operation, as well as aesthetic advantages. Pyrolysis Master went both ways.

The first thing that the consumer notices is the appearance, which has been dramatically improved thanks to the new design. According to our information, the manufacturer involved European experts in the field of industrial design in the development of the design.

The second and more significant change is the new boiler automation. The updated controller in the new line of pellet machines "Pyrolysis Master", produced at a German plant in Poland, can now not only control the operation of the boiler, but also support remote control through all modern communication channels, including a room thermostat. Now the consumer can "command" the boiler via SMS messages, using a computer via the Internet, as well as directly from the bedroom, setting a comfortable air temperature on the room thermostat.

Improvements have also been made on the burner, which in boilers of this brand is one of the most unpretentious pellets on the market in relation to the quality of the fuel used. On the manufacturer's website, you can find a video of the operation of the burners, having studied which, you can make sure that this design is omnivorous. However, the changes to the boilers affected not only from the point of view of unpretentiousness. It's about durability.

We requested a photo of the new burner, which shows that all the "dry zones" of the steel surfaces of the burner have become 2 times thicker. For the consumer, this means one thing - the service life of the burner without replacing consumables will be the same as that of the boiler itself. This improvement, in our opinion, is key.

Burner operation example

For those who want to get more information about these boilers, we suggest moving down the article, where we will tell you more about the model range and design. It will be interesting, join us!

The lineup of the PELLET series

The series of hot water boilers with burners for burning pellets of any quality, developed in 2015, includes 15 models, different in terms of heat output, but similar in design. The power range of all the presented boilers of this series is in the range from 15 to 500 kW, which allows them to be used for heating household, public and industrial buildings with a total area of up to 5000 sq. meters, and when installed in cascades, the heated area is not limited.

The structure consists of the following main elements:

steel boiler with a 5-way heat exchanger - it should be noted, the only one on the market;
fuel bunker;
conveyor with two screws for feeding pellets into the furnace;
cast iron burner;
fan for air supply;
automatic and emergency safety devices.

As additional equipment, a chimney is required, the internal section of which depends on the power of the equipment and the maximum possible amount of combustion products.

Appointment of equipment

Steel heating boilers of the PELLET series are designed to heat the heating medium in heating systems with a design operating temperature of up to 90 ° C and a pressure of up to 2.0 kg / cm 2, as well as for preparing hot water through an indirect heat exchanger. The choice of the required boiler power is made depending on the calculated heat losses of the building and the level of hot water consumption.

Fuels used

To obtain heat energy, granular pellets of any quality are used as the main type. Additional types can be small wood waste, sunflower husk, etc. The PELLET DUO series provides for the possibility of burning firewood on the supplied grate.

Design features

Especially for the PELLET series, a special design of the heat exchanger was developed, which forms a 5-way movement of hot flue gases inside the furnace. In this case, the cooled coolant from the return line enters from the rear in the lower part of the heat exchanger and passes upward along it, all the time moving towards the flue gases with a higher temperature.

Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve a significant reduction in the temperature of the flue gases and to increase the efficiency to 92%. This indicator can be considered objective, since the heat transfer area is really impressive.

In the words of the consumer, such a high efficiency means high savings in the consumption of pellets, and therefore, your money for heating.

The body is made of high quality boiler steel with a thickness of 6-8 mm and is characterized by high strength and durability. Thermal insulation inside the structure reliably retains heat and eliminates unacceptable losses to the surrounding space. For convenient maintenance of the furnace and cleaning it from soot, service hatches and sufficient distances between the elements of the heat exchanger are provided.

Steel fuel hopper and pellet feeding device

In the basic configuration, the volume of the hopper is selected in such a way as to ensure continuous operation of any model during the day at maximum load without adding pellets. However, it is possible to order a bunker with an increased volume, up to 10 thousand liters. The pellets are loaded through the upper hinged hatch.

The feed into the furnace is carried out using a mechanical device with two augers, which are located on axes of different heights. An air gap in the pellet feed channel to the burner brings the fire safety level to 100%, excluding the possibility of flame penetration through the transport channel into the pellet hopper.

The first top auger picks up the pellets from the fuel hopper and transfers them to the second auger below. The lower mechanism feeds the pellets directly to the combustion. The control of the augers is separate and carried out automatically.

The fuel tank can be installed on the right or left side of the boiler. This will provide more convenient access to the loading hatch in small boiler rooms.

A horizontal retort burner made of refractory cast iron is used in the Pyroliz Master pellet storages. Its constructive and operational advantages include:

automatic ignition using a heating element;
mechanical removal of ash residue after fuel combustion;
forced combustion air, which ensures complete combustion;
long service life due to the use of heat-resistant materials of large thickness;
the possibility of efficient combustion of various types of granular and other crushed dry fuel.

The automated operation of the combustion air fan increases the flue gas pressure inside the furnace and improves the draft in the chimney.

Summarizing the above about the burner, it must be said that it is not unique in design and corresponds to many analogs used in boiler brands popular in Europe. It should be noted that such a pan-type device for burning pellets and biomass is very practical among all the solutions offered on the market.

Automation and security

The PELLET series boilers are equipped with automatic equipment produced by the Polish-German microelectronics plant, which produces almost all automation equipment for boilers manufactured in Europe. The basic set of automatic control provides:

timely rotation of the augers for feeding granules;
coolant temperature control;
regulation of the amount of air supplied for combustion;
air temperature control and the level of required power;
control of the operation of the circulation pump of the heating system;
regulation of the temperature of hot water in an indirect heating boiler or other indirect heat exchangers.

Additionally, each boiler of this series can be equipped with a control device via the Internet or sending SMS messages. If necessary, a room thermostat can be supplied with the ability to regulate the room temperature. Safe operation is ensured by the installation of a safety relief valve and an emergency thermostat.

Recommendations for the use of PELLET boiler systems in heating systems

Pellet boilers can be considered as alternative sources of heat energy, capable of providing a cost-effective heat supply instead of installed gas equipment. They are operated in a completely autonomous mode or in parallel connection with the already installed gas equipment. To use solid fuel devices, it is necessary to provide for the presence of a separate fireproof and well-ventilated room.

Boilers Pyrolysis Master PELLET 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50

This group of boilers is designed to provide heat in the heating systems of individual residential buildings with a total area of up to 500 m 2. The presence of a fuel bunker of the basic configuration will ensure efficient combustion of pellets within 24 hours without additional loading. At the request of the customer, it is possible to equip with a larger bunker, which will ensure an increase in the time between its periodic loads.

To ensure normal operating conditions, two rooms are required:

a furnace or boiler room in which a boiler, a fuel bunker, a circulation pump and other necessary equipment are installed;
a fireproof ventilated warehouse for storing fuel stock.

The chimney can be free-standing or built-in (attached) to the building structure.

The level of automation of the equipment makes it possible to operate the boiler with minimal human intervention. You simply put the required amount of pellets into the fuel bunker, set the desired coolant temperature on the automatic controller and that's it - the automation independently ignites the pellets, brings the boiler to operating mode and maintains the temperature you set. If pellets are added to the hopper in a timely manner, the process of autonomous operation of the boiler will last until the end of the heating season.

PELLET 60, 80, 100, 120 and 160 boilers

A group of boilers with a thermal power of 60-160 kW is intended for heating public, office, industrial, commercial and other buildings with a total area of 600-1600 m 2.

Perhaps this is the most economical group of boilers, which is a strong argument for the commercial sector when choosing a boiler model. At high capacities, the Pyrolysis Master boilers with high efficiency (92%) provide noticeable fuel savings, and in monetary terms, this is 10-20% less than the cost of purchasing pellets. Not to mention the opportunity to purchase the cheapest - any will burn. It should be noted that fuel costs are approximate and are taken in comparison with boilers, which have a less developed heat exchanger.

Boilers PELLET 200, 250, 320, 400 and 500

This group of the most powerful boiler equipment with a capacity of 200-500 kW is intended for operation as part of heating systems for buildings with a total area of 2000 m 2 and the ability to work in cascades, which will allow heating any given area. Installation can be performed only on the basis of agreed design solutions and by the forces of specialized installation organizations with the appropriate SRO approvals.

A separate well-ventilated area should be provided for storing the necessary fuel supplies. A solid fuel boiler plant can be placed in one combustion room together with gas or other types of boilers. In this case, the use of a single group of circulation pumps is allowed.

Unlike gas equipment, pellet solid fuel boilers are allowed to be installed in rooms whose floor level is below ground level.

The operation of pellets of this power group implies the organization of the transportation of pellets to the operational bunker through automated transport systems. The manufacturer is ready to offer large bunkers for the main warehouse storage with screw conveyors to the operational bunker of the boiler.

Loading pellets into a complete fuel bunker is able to provide stable heating throughout the day at maximum load. At the request of the customer, the installation can be equipped with a bunker with an increased volume of up to 5000 or 10000 liters, which will significantly increase the pause time between periodic loads.

Conclusion

Various novelties are offered on the market for solid fuel boilers; not so long ago, varieties appeared - pellet and pyrolysis. They differ from each other technically, but they are similar in one thing - the increased price. What is this money for, what additional benefits can you get by paying an increased price for these boilers?

What is a pellet boiler

The pellet boiler is an automated solid fuel boiler. It can work without maintenance for a week or even more in automatic mode. The frequency of maintenance depends mainly on the capacity of the fuel hopper, which can be selected. Usually it is chosen such that the pellet boiler needs to be loaded no more than once a week. It is comfortable compared to conventional solid fuel.

Pellet boilers, although technically complex, are now considered reliable, there are no massive breakdowns. But the complexity and automation entails drawbacks - you cannot service yourself, you also have to pay to the service department for periodic inspection and repairs, sometimes they break down, and repairs cost a pretty penny, winter downtime occurs ...

Pellets are sold by the same organizations that sell these boilers. They accompany their products with fuel.

Is it profitable to use

The cost of a kilogram of pellets is 8 rubles. The energy received from a kilogram of pellets is 5 kW. But taking into account the boiler efficiency of 80% - 5x0.8 = 4 kW. Consequently, 1 kilowatt of energy will cost 2 rubles. And this is at least 1.5 times more expensive than firewood, 1.7 times more expensive than coal (for most regions, but not all), and moreover, more expensive than the night electricity tariff - 1, 7 rubles / kWh.

That is, heating with pellets is simply not profitable. But comfortable. It is more convenient than heating an ordinary solid fuel boiler, which must be serviced at least once a day, and often, if the boiler is not powerful and is not equipped with an accompanying electric boiler and (or) a heat accumulator, then several times a day.

For which we pay a high price - first we purchase an expensive automated pellet boiler, then expensive fuel constantly. Naturally, we pay for comfort.

A pellet boiler should be used if the residents, first of all, are ready to overpay for comfort, but, of course, there is no main gas. And secondly, when the house is large (300 square meters and more) and heating it with wood and coal is simply tedious, and with the daily electricity tariff, there is a big difference in favor of pellets.

In general, when more power is needed for large houses, then pellets acquire, though not economic, but practical sense.

What are the features of pyrolysis boilers

Pyrolysis boilers can also be called gas-generating boilers, since gas is generated in them from firewood with the help of high temperature, which is then burned.

Manufacturers praise pyrolysis units and advertise them in every possible way, while declaring the following:

You can heat (and sometimes they say it is necessary!) With wet wood with a humidity of 50%.
The fuel burns out completely, no ash remains.
The efficiency reaches 89 percent, which is 10 percent more than a conventional boiler.
Duration of work on one load - a day or more - lengthening the burning time.

The wood must be dry

Pyrolysis starts on dry wood, which has a moisture content of no more than 20 percent. Those. putting wet firewood in this boiler is the same as in a regular one as in a fire - up to 50% of the combustion energy is spent on drying the moisture.

Water does not burn, it does not decompose into hydrogen and oxygen, it evaporates and takes up the lion's share of the power.

Firewood should be put into the firebox as dry as possible. And they should dry for a long time under a canopy, then, perhaps, in the boiler room near the boiler, above the radiators, if possible, for another week. Then the power will be spent not on the evaporation of water, but on heating the coolant.

Ash

Firewood cannot be burned completely, ash content is their physical property, it will be with any method of burning them. And there is no ash left in the boiler because the fan is running, and light wood ash is carried away by a stream into the sky, and then settles on the heads of users. The area next to such a boiler is simply sprinkled with ash.

Efficiency

High efficiency? Perhaps the heat exchanger of this boiler allows you to get the most out of what firewood can give, but it works under the influence of a fan. There is a constant blowing of the chambers where the firewood is heated and where the released gas is burned. And ventilation takes 50-100 W of electricity per hour.

You have to pay for it at the daily rate. And this directly affects the profitability of this boiler. In addition, the heat of the exhaust gases given in the characteristics of 150-200 degrees, directly indicates that the boiler does not develop an efficiency of 90 percent.

Duration

The duration of operation of any boiler is determined simply by the amount of firewood loaded at the same time.
In the same way, you can make a continuous work and an ordinary solid fuel boiler, but powerful, with a large combustion chamber. There you can arrange the same pyrolysis, only by natural draft on a high chimney, stuffing more wood into the firebox, and closing the air supply so that the wood smolders.

But at the same time, an ordinary boiler can be started at full power at any time, when required, and instantly heat up the bathing water or raise the temperature in the house.

Pyrolysis - what is it?

In the context of heating equipment, pyrolysis is understood as the release of volatile gases during the combustion of fuel. The greatest intensity occurs at temperatures above 450 degrees and a lack of oxygen. This is taken into account in the design of pyrolysis boilers, which have two combustion chambers and a controlled oxygen supply.

In one chamber, the fuel burns directly, and in the second, emitted gases. This allows you to significantly increase the efficiency of equipment in comparison with classic solid fuel boilers. It is necessary to put fuel into pyrolysis-type devices only 2-3 times a day. To select the best pyrolysis boiler for long burning, consider the possible configurations.

Design features and types of boilers

Number of contours

By the number of circuits, pyrolysis boilers are single-circuit, double-circuit and multi-circuit. Single-circuit are designed only to provide heating of the room. In order to provide DHW with their help, it is necessary to additionally purchase an indirect heating boiler.

Double-circuit models simultaneously heat the room and heat water for domestic use. They differ in more complex design, installation and high price. Such equipment is suitable for a home in which they permanently reside. Sometimes there are multi-circuit boilers in which there are more than two circuits. An additional circuit can be used, for example, to provide a warm floor.

Body material

The body of the pyrolysis boiler can be steel or cast iron. Steel boilers are lighter and cheaper. They are easier to transport and install. More expensive cast iron models are more reliable. Cast iron is corrosion resistant and free of welds. The downside is the fragility of the material, with a sharp temperature drop, it can crack.

Steel pyrolysis boiler

Top burning

A separate type is upper combustion pyrolysis boilers with cyclic fuel filling. Such models can work on one portion for up to a day. This is achieved due to the fact that a larger amount of firewood is laid, and only the top layer always burns or smolders. Only high-quality, well-dried solid fuels should be used here. The peculiarity of use is that until the last bookmark burns out, we cannot add firewood.

Principle of operation

According to the principle of operation, convection and air-heating models are distinguished. Convection boilers heat the coolant, which is subsequently carried by pumps to radiators, which may be located in different rooms.

Air heating devices are designed to directly heat the air in the room. They are more often used in industrial production facilities and in small houses with 1-2 rooms.

Dependence on electricity

Non-volatile models are equipped with a mechanical control panel. Easy to maintain and reliable. Electronically controlled boilers need electricity to operate. Their advantage is more precise tuning. Some models are sold without a control panel. It is purchased separately depending on the needs.

Pellet boiler control panel Atmos

Fuel types

Firewood

One of the most efficient types of fuel for pyrolysis boilers is wood. They have a very high percentage of the release of volatile substances, which is required for the pyrolysis process. It is important to select dried wood, this parameter greatly affects the efficiency.

The wood-fired boiler produces the least amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Also, on firewood, the duration of the equipment is long, due to the absence of sulfur in them, which has a destructive effect on the body of the device. When purchasing, it is important to choose the appropriate size of the bars. For this, the depth of the firebox is measured with a tape measure.

Coal

Coal can vary greatly in purity, and therefore in heat transfer. The most expensive and efficient brown coal. When smoldering, it produces the largest amount of gas. Coal is in second place and anthracite is in third place. When fired with coal, the boiler will wear out faster due to its sulfur content, which leads to corrosion.

Pellets

Pellets are granules that are produced from shredded waste. The raw materials for them can be sawdust, peat, paper, straw and so on. They are environmentally friendly; no chemicals are used in their production. Modern pellet boilers are equipped with an automatic fuel loading system as required.

Model selection

Termico pyrolysis 12 kW

One of the most popular models. It has one circuit, power 12 kW and can heat up to 120 square meters of floor space. Open type combustion chamber. Steel heat exchanger, electronic control panel. The thickness of the metal from which the boiler is made is 5 mm.

It can work with almost any type of solid fuel and wood with a moisture content of up to 40%. The depth of the furnace allows you to place bars up to 37 cm long. The time to enter the pyrolysis mode is about 10 minutes. Installation type floor-standing, dimensions 478 * 1126 * 981 mm, weight 170 kg.

Pyrolysis boiler Termico

Bourgeois-K MODERN-12

Domestic devices Bourgeois-K are manufactured in Kharkov and have proven themselves well in work. Power 12 kW, has one circuit, is capable of heating up to 120 sq. m at home. Non-volatile with mechanical control panel. Large firebox with a volume of 30 liters and a depth of 40 cm, which allows loading long pieces of wood.

The grate is made of cast iron. Fuel consumption 1.2 kg per hour. It has the ability to additionally connect a heating element to maintain the temperature of the coolant in the event of the end of solid fuel. Installed on the floor, dimensions 718 * 459 * 560 mm, weight 87 kg.

Boiler Bourgeois-K MODERN-12

WATTEK PYROTEK 30

Pyrolysis boiler WATTEK PYROTEK 30 with a heat output of 30 kW and one circuit. Has a closed combustion chamber. Electronic control with display in Russian. It has several operating modes: standard, summer, with DHW priority. Steel primary heat exchanger. Works with wood fuel only. Dimensions 530 * 1145 * 915 mm.

Boiler WATTEK PYROTEK 30

More information about popular models of pyrolysis boilers can be found in the article at the link:

Comfort and coziness in the house is unthinkable without warmth. More recently, the assortment in specialized stores did not leave any choice when buying a heating boiler. One or two stoves lonely huddled in shop windows. Now the situation has changed and the buyer is offered the widest range of heating devices.

Boilers offered by manufacturers today differ in fuel type, power, design and many other parameters. Even the unshakable classic solid fuel stoves may differ in the type of fuel used.

Among stoves operating on solid fuels, there are three main types:

Standard. Where the usual coal and firewood are used as fuel.
Pellet. For their work, pressed granules from sawdust, shavings and other waste from the woodworking industry are used.
Pyrolysis, or "upper combustion boilers". Such devices are capable of operating on all types of fuel. If everything is more or less clear with the first option, then pellet ones require more careful consideration.

Pellet solid fuel boiler

To operate a pellet heating boiler, fuel is loaded directly into the combustion chamber. The loading of pellets into the firebox and their supply to the combustion area are fully automatic. In the furnace itself, the fuel burns like in a conventional solid fuel boiler or in a fire.

A pellet boiler, as the name suggests, requires a special fuel for its operation - pellets. They burn with the help of a special pellet burner, where they get through a special screw mechanism. The main advantage of a pellet boiler is the ability to operate without maintenance for a long time.

Depending on the capacity of the hopper, the oven will maintain the temperature for a week or even longer. Compared to conventional boilers requiring daily maintenance, this is quite convenient. Pellet solid fuel boilers, despite the complex automation system, are considered quite reliable and do not require constant repair. However, the automatic fuel loading process has certain disadvantages.

For example, it is impossible to carry out routine maintenance of the boiler on your own; for this you will have to contact the service department. In addition, when buying such a solid fuel boiler, you should also take into account the cost of the pellets themselves. For the manufacture of pellets, various types of wood residues and other materials can be used, which affects the price and quality. It is not a problem to buy pellets now, the choice is large, but it is better to prefer reliable manufacturers and not skimp on quality.

It should be noted that it is undesirable to use pellets made of coniferous wood. this is fraught with gummy deposits on the screw conveyor and the walls of the combustion chamber.

Solid fuel pyrolysis boiler

The design of the pyrolysis boiler is also not simple. Such a heater consists of two chambers connected by ceramic nozzles. The chambers are stacked one above the other and fuel must be loaded into the top compartment. Here the fuel will undergo a decomposition process. In its lower part, the fuel heats up to a temperature at which it begins to smolder.

The conditions in the gas generating chamber do not allow firewood or pellets to fully ignite, and as a result of smoldering, pyrolysis gas appears. The intensity of gas production from wood is controlled by a fan, which, if necessary, increases or decreases the amount of air in the lower combustion chamber. The gas generated as a result of the smoldering process enters the lower chamber through the ceramic nozzles. It burns much more efficiently than solid fuels and with less harm to the environment.

The combustion temperature of pyrolysis gases can exceed 1100Cº. The principle of fuel separation makes it possible to realize the following advantages of such boilers: low ash content, soot on the heat exchanger and the walls of the combustion chamber remains in a minimum amount. Automatic control of the combustion process allows for high efficiency, more than 90%, and as a result, the interval between fuel loads increases to 15-16 hours. It should be noted that only dry wood is suitable for use in a pyrolysis boiler.

conclusions

Comparing the efficiency, price, ease of operation and availability of fuel, we can confidently talk about the advantage of a pyrolysis boiler:

Almost any type of wood fuel is suitable for its work, be it firewood or pellets.
The high combustion temperature of the fuel ensures a high heat output of the boiler.
The main effect is the combustion of pyrolysis gas. Unlike pellet and other solid fuel boilers, gas lends itself to automatic control much better. This means that the likelihood of possible breakdown decreases.

Of course, a pyrolysis-type boiler will initially require a solid monetary investment, but over time, these costs will pay off with interest. For boilers intended for industrial use, an electrical connection is required. However, power supply is also required for pellet boilers.

A couple of years ago, long-burning solid fuel boilers were "unaffordable" at a price for a common man in the street. Today the situation has changed, and more and more people want to buy such a "miracle of technology". As you know, demand creates supply. Solid fuel boilers for long burning began to be made not only by factories with ten years of experience, but also by local "Kulibins" in garages. In the article, we will try to figure out how such boilers work, how to choose a boiler and what you should pay attention to.

Solid fuel boilers for long burning are divided according to the type of combustion:

Normal (classic).
Pyrolysis (gas generating).

By type of fuel:

Pellet.
Coal - wood burning.

Working time from 8 to 48 hours.

does not depend on electricity;
profitability;
availability;
unpretentiousness in fuel;
ease of maintenance.

Efficiency up to 70%;
requires additional expensive equipment for temperature control;
frequent cleaning.

Working time from 12 hours to 7 days.

Efficiency 90 - 92%;
long time intervals between fuel inserts;
fully regulated;
completely burns fuel (minimum cleaning);
environmental friendliness;
safety.

requires an electricity connection;
fastidious about fuel;
price;
short-lived.

Working time up to several weeks.

the longest duration of work;
minimal maintenance and cleaning;
great fuel economy;
Efficiency up to 96%;
automatic control.

dependence on electricity;
whimsical to fuel;
price.

Pellets are small, cylinder-shaped granules made from waste wood, peat, straw, etc.

Pellet boilers - use the pyrolysis method of fuel combustion.

Pellet boilers are installed in parallel with the installation of automatic and semi-automatic fuel supply from a built-in or external bunker. This allows the boiler to work from several hours to several weeks, according to a programmed scheme. The duration of operation in automatic mode is limited only by the availability of fuel.

Interesting - a review of the pellet boiler model EKO-GT KPP.

Simple (or classic) and pyrolysis combustion

In a solid fuel boiler of long burning, firewood, coal, etc. are burning. Let it be a manual or other fuel filling. This process is known to any student who made fires. But we will consider pyrolysis (or gas-generating) combustion in detail.

Pyrolysis combustion occurs at a minimum of oxygen and high temperature, when the fuel decomposes into gas and a solid residue with the release of heat. Pyrolysis gas, when combined with oxygen, produces a long and efficient combustion process.
Pyrolysis takes place in three stages.

In the combustion chamber of the boiler, the wood is dried up and at a temperature of 450 ° C, the release of wood gas begins. Further, the pyrolysis gas merges with air, which is supplied through a telescopic pipe. The air flow is generated by a fan in the boiler. The gas mixture burns at t = 560 ° C.

Combustion raises the temperature in the boiler as much as possible up to 1100 ° C where the pyrolysis gas is afterburned. The pyrolysis time is long, therefore, the boiler efficiency increases.

For pyrolysis combustion in the boiler, there are gates. Initially, the boiler operates in normal mode, and when the set temperature is reached, fuel is fed into it, and using the gate, an effective pyrolysis combustion mode is established. Pyrolysis combustion is easily controlled, which makes it possible to automate pyrolysis boilers.

Fuel loading methods

Manual - everything is clear here, they opened the combustion chamber, loaded firewood or coal, and closed it. Cleaned from soot and tar. Everything. The boiler continues to run.
Semi-automatic - (pellet and some pyrolysis) boilers.
Automatic - (only pellet boilers).

Please note that if the boiler passport says, for example, continuous combustion up to 8 hours, then this is the calculation of combustion "on" coal, but if you use firewood (oak), then the combustion process wakes up half as much, that is, about 4 hours. And even less on wood from pine.

When buying a boiler, pay attention to material of which the case is made- it is cast iron or steel.

Cast iron - the high temperature resistance of cast iron and durability makes it possible to use cast iron boilers for burning any type of solid fuel, including coke, coal, wood and pellets.

Minus - he is afraid of sudden changes in the temperature of the coolant (in case of improper make-up or an accident). Fragile, not suitable for repair (only partially - sectional or complete replacement).

Steel - whimsical to fuel (I would not advise to "heat" them with coal and coke). It is necessary to pay additional attention to the thickness (5-6 mm), and the grade of steel. Not afraid of temperature changes, suitable for repair (electric welding).

Advice - when choosing a boiler, do not strive to buy the longest burning one.

First, it will be very expensive. Choose a boiler that runs on one "tab" of fuel, preferably wood, for 8 - 12 hours. We laid firewood in the morning, cleaned it (15 -20 minutes), and boldly left for work or go about our business. In the evening (at night) they laid firewood, cleaned the boiler and that's it, until morning.

Secondly, you still have to come to the boiler room a couple of times a day to monitor the operation of the boiler.

We hope our advice will help you make a smart choice when buying a long-burning solid fuel boiler.