In order to ensure a constant supply of hot water in their home and not depend on the whims of utilities, homeowners most often purchase electric water heaters. This choice is easy to explain: unlike the installation of gas water heaters, the installation of electric boilers does not require permission from supervisory organizations and can be done by hand with minimal locksmith skills. In this case, some recommendations should be taken into account in order to avoid errors during installation. We will talk about them in this article.

We hope that when choosing a place to install a storage water heater, you took advantage of our recommendations and placed the device in the most optimal place - next to the water supply and with a minimum distance to the points of water intake.

To connect the storage boiler you will need:

• adjustable and gas wrenches;
• Screwdriver Set;
• tees for tapping into pipelines;
• shut-off ball valves;
• metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes and fittings for them;
• fum tape or tow with paste;
• Mayevsky's crane;
• safety and check valve.

Additionally, a coarse water filter may be required.

Pipe tie-in

The connection of the storage water heater to the water supply is carried out using a tie-in into existing pipelines. If the distribution of hot water around the apartment is made with polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes, then the lines are cut in the immediate vicinity of the device and tees are installed at the cut points.

Of course, before starting work, you should turn off the water supply at the entrance to the apartment.

When installing tees in a polypropylene pipeline, you will have to use an apparatus for installing this material. If your system is mounted from metal-plastic pipes, then you can install the tees simply by using an adjustable wrench.

In a situation where metal pipes are laid around the apartment, it is possible to do without a welding machine. To do this, use a special clamp for tie-in. This device is fixed on a pre-cleaned pipe and clamped with screws, after which a hole is drilled through the outlet pipe in the water pipe.

The presence of a protective plastic sleeve will prevent damage to the thread inside the pipe, and the tightness of the connection will be ensured by a rubber backing that is placed between the pipe and the fitting.

Stopcocks are attached to the installed tees, from which metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes, and possibly even flexible hoses, are connected to the boiler. It should be noted that the use of polypropylene pipes allows you to hide them in the wall without the risk of leaks in the future.

Boiler connection diagram

The storage water heater connection diagram provides for the installation of a shut-off and safety valve without fail.

In this case, you can use an inexpensive solution from the delivery set, or you can assemble a safety group yourself, using high-quality non-return and safety valves. In this case, the installation of elements on the inlet pipe of the storage water heater is carried out in the following order:

• tee;
• ball valve for draining water from the tank (attached to the side outlet of the tee);
• safety valve;
• check valve;
• shut-off valve;
• pipeline.

If necessary, a reducer for reducing the water pressure and a coarse filter can be installed on the supply pipeline, if it is not already installed in front of the water meter.

A tee is installed on the “hot” branch pipe, to the direct outlet of which a shut-off valve and a pipeline laid from the hot water supply system are connected, and a Mayevsky tap or an additional ball valve is connected to the side outlet. These elements will avoid vacuum in the tank when draining water during repairs or maintenance.

The described connection method will allow you to shut off the water supply to the water heater if it is necessary to remove it without turning off the remaining points of water intake. In addition, the possibility of using centralized water supply remains. To do this, simply open the valve at the entrance to the apartment. When the storage boiler is operating, this tap must be closed, otherwise your device will heat water for all neighbors.

Connecting an instantaneous water heater

The connection scheme for flow-type water heaters depends on how powerful the device you have purchased, namely, whether it can provide several points of water intake, or whether its purpose is a single faucet above the sink or a shower head.

In the latter case, connecting the instantaneous water heater to the water supply does not present any difficulties. It is enough just to make a tie-in into a cold water pipeline using fittings for metal-plastic and polypropylene or a crimp clamp if the pipeline is made of metal pipes.

A ball valve is connected to the tee, the other end of which is connected to a flexible hose, through which cold water will be supplied to the inlet pipe of the instantaneous water heater.

Sometimes consumers buy a low-powered shower head just to be able to shower during rare hot water outages. In this case, the device can be connected directly to the corrugated shower hose by removing the watering can from it. Cold water is supplied to the appliance by opening the mixer to the “shower” position.

A more complex option for connecting an instantaneous water heater to two or more points of water intake requires the arrangement of a special piping using additional locking devices and splitters.

The connection diagram of a flow device designed to supply water to several hot water consumers is a simplification of the method for connecting a storage water heater. Detailed video on the topic - see below:

When installing the device, you should choose a place that is equally remote from all points of water intake (as a rule, the compact design of the device allows you to fulfill this requirement without problems). Then follow our recommendations:

• insert tees into cold and hot water supply pipelines;
• install ball valves on the tees. This will make it possible to remove the device without the need to shut off the cold water supply to other consumers or close the “red” tap, if necessary, in order to use hot water from a common riser.
• connect the corresponding outlets of the instantaneous water heater to the taps using a flexible connection, or using metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes.

A feature of instantaneous water heaters is very fast heating. If low-quality water is used, then the internal elements of the device become scaled very quickly. To prolong the life of the instrument, install an additional ion exchange filter on the supply line.

After supplying cold water, turn on the water heater and check all connections for leaks. If necessary, tighten the seals better, just do not overdo it with the tightening torques of the nuts.

Without hot water it is impossible to imagine comfortable living in an apartment or house. Accidents, interruptions in hot water, scheduled shutdowns, etc. often occur in multi-storey buildings. As for private houses, the provision of hot water falls entirely on the owners. Therefore, buying and installing a water heater is sometimes the only possible solution to this issue.

Connecting the boiler is one of the most difficult tasks, since it requires the unit to be connected from the main, both cold and hot water. A very important point is the location of the boiler in relation to the pipes. It should be installed as close as possible, since the durability of the system depends on it. The quality of the materials used is also very important. Flexible metal hoses, plastic pipes, tees, etc. must be of the highest possible quality. Don't skimp on materials.

Boiler installation algorithm:

• Fasteners
• Installation of stopcocks
• Installation of the water inlet and outlet system from the boiler
• Electrical connection

Sequence of work:

• Blocking the water supply pipe to the apartment
• Making a cut in pipes (in the right places)
• Installation of a tap to the boiler connection point
• Installation of tees
• Stopcock installation
• Connecting flexible hoses to the stopcock (for connection to the boiler)
• De-energizing an apartment or house
• Connecting the cable to the electrical panel
• RCD installation
• Mounting the safety switch

Boiler connection diagram

Types of boilers

Water heaters are divided according to the principle of operation:

• flowing;
• cumulative.

The classification also goes according to the following parameters:

• the size;
• form;
• heating system (direct, indirect, combined).

Flow boilers

They have disadvantages that make them not very profitable for apartments in high-rise buildings:

• In such water heaters there is no water tank, and water is heated by a heat exchanger using a heating element. This device requires a lot of power and water pressure in the system. The minimum pressure in the water supply system must be at least 0.3 atm.
• When using a flow boiler, the water pressure will be low, and the water will not be too hot.

Storage boilers

Such water heaters are much more popular. They are of pressure and non-pressure type. The main disadvantage of a non-pressure boiler is the low water pressure. The advantage of such a unit is the supply of water in case it is not available in the water supply system. The pressure in the pressure boiler system is equal to the pressure in the plumbing system.

Storage water heaters are also divided according to the water heating system:

• straight;
• indirect;
• combined.

Direct type water heaters work on the principle of a conventional electric heater, they are equipped with a heating element (water heating element). A tautology of one sentence.

Heating elements, in turn, are:

• dry;
• wet.

An indirect type water heater works by heat exchange between the coolant (heating boiler) and tap water. A significant disadvantage is that it requires the operation of a heating boiler all year round, and it also requires the installation of a boiler in the immediate vicinity of the boiler.

The combined type of water heater combines the properties of direct and indirect types. In winter, such a device can operate from a heating boiler, and in summer on the principle of a conventional water heater. The combined water heater is the most profitable and convenient.

Both flow and storage boilers are pressure and non-pressure. There is no internal pressure in non-pressure units - the pressure inside the water heater is almost equal to atmospheric pressure.

Pressure boilers imply high pressure inside the tank. As a rule, it is equal to the pressure in the water supply system.

How to choose the right boiler

First of all, you need to decide on your needs, namely:

• with the place of installation;
• the shape of the boiler (vertical or horizontal);
• volume (how much hot water you need);
• type of water heater (flow or storage).

You should also take into account the number of people in the family. The larger the family, the larger the required boiler volume. You should also consider the purpose of the installation: if you need a boiler for the kitchen, then you can limit yourself to a small volume of 10-15 liters or 30 liters. If it is needed in a shower or bath, then the volume should be at least 80-100 liters.

Connecting a storage boiler

What to look for when choosing:

• Body shape. This is what the price depends on. Round boilers are cheaper, but take up more space. Rectangular units are more expensive, but they are more compact and convenient.
• Case material - steel or plastic.
• Color spectrum.
• The material from which the tank is made. Such material can be enameled or stainless steel. Stainless steel tanks resist corrosion better, but at the same time, the quality of the seams is of great importance, since even stainless steel can corrode at the welding points.
• Type of heating element (dry or wet). Devices with a dry heating element are more expensive, but a wet heating element has a number of significant drawbacks, since it works on the principle of a boiler. Both on the heating element and on the inner surface of the tank, scale quickly forms, which leads to overheating and an increase in energy consumption and a decrease in service life.
• Warranty support. Particular attention should be paid to this, since the provision of a long warranty can be a guarantee of high quality. If there is no guarantee, then it is better to refrain from buying - most likely the product is defective.
• Price. You should not buy a water heater that is too cheap, there is a high probability that it will be of poor quality and will not last long.
• Massiveness. A quality product weighs quite a lot. This means that the steel from which the tank is made is thick enough, respectively, the product is of high quality and will last a long time.

What you need to connect

Tools and materials:

• mounting level;
• pliers;
• marker;
• Phillips screwdriver;
• 2 water hoses (flexible);
• 2 dowel-nails with a hook at the end;
• tap (valve) with a diameter of 10 mm (according to the diameter of the water pipe);
• sanitary linen;
• wrench;
• roulette;
• puncher;
• safety valve (complete with boiler).

Schemes and drawings

As you know, the electric boiler has two types of connection: to the water supply system and electrical.

Boiler connection diagram

In order to properly install the unit and at the same time observe safety measures, there are diagrams. They are made in the form of drawings with designations of the main elements of the system. There are two types of circuits: installation and electrical.

Wiring diagram

It schematically shows the main parts of the system, their sequence and location. This example shows the installation locations of shut-off valves, tee taps, a check valve, schematically shows the circulation of water in the system (cold water inlet and hot water outlet, its supply to the mixer). Such a diagram can be found in the factory instructions that came with the unit.

Classic wiring diagram:

• Stop valve.
• Mechanical cleaning filter.
• A tee on the cold water pipe (leads to the boiler and to the mixer).
• The second shut-off valve on the approach to the boiler.
• Safety valve to prevent water leakage in the opposite direction.
• Tees that are connected directly to the boiler - one for cold water inlet, the second for hot water outlet to the mixer.
• Scheme of water lines.

Boiler connection diagram

Electrical diagram

The electrical diagram shows:

• Wiring leading to the tank (originates from the electrical panel).
• Three lines of wires (zero, phase, ground conductor). On the diagram, they are always marked with different colors.
• Elements of the system: plug, ground socket, double automatic (switch). This is a mandatory element that makes it possible to completely disconnect the water heater from electricity if necessary.
• The location of the meter, the electrical panel, as well as the grounding is schematically shown.

All this is depicted with the help of symbols, the decoding of which is necessarily attached to the diagram.

Installation and connection process

Mounting the boiler in stages:

1. The choice of the place where the water heater will be located. It must necessarily provide access to it for the entire period of its operation.
2. Assessment of the condition of electrical wiring and pipelines. The wiring must be able to withstand the load of the boiler, and the condition of the piping must meet the requirements for the operation of such equipment.
3. Drilling holes for mounting the water heater, after which fasteners are installed, the boiler is attached with anchors and dowels.

Water connection

1. Before connecting the boiler to the water supply system, it is necessary to remove all the necessary tees in order to ensure the supply of water both to the boiler and from it to the mixer. If desired, a water filter is installed.
2. Next, you should pay attention to the pipes that are located at the bottom of the water tank. Usually they have identification rings: blue - cold water; red - hot water. A safety tap must be attached to the tube with a blue ring - it can be included with the boiler, or it can be purchased separately. Installation of such a crane is required!
3. Before attaching the safety tap, sanitary flax or sealing tape should be wound around the thread.
4. From below, a flexible hose is attached to the safety valve.
5. The second flexible hose is attached to the tube with the red ring.
6. The next step is to secure the other end of the flexible hose that is attached to the safety tap. At the same time, its second end is attached to a water pipe - this line will supply water from the water supply to the tank. Before attaching a soft hose, a tap should be placed so that it is possible to shut off the water supply if necessary.
7. The free end of the flexible hose (attached to the tube with the red ring) must be connected to the pipe that leads to the faucet. This hot water outlet line from the tank and supply goes to the mixer.

Electrical connection

What you need:

• Distribution board.
• Cable of the required length and section (three-core).
• Automatic switch for 16A.
• Residual current device (RCD), designed to operate with a current strength of more than 16A.

Sequence of work:

1. Conducting a cable to the switchboard (cable cross section must be at least 2.5 mm, copper wires).
2. Connecting an RCD (residual current device) - this device will protect against electric shock in the event of a boiler malfunction. RCD often comes with the boiler itself.
3. Conducting an electrical cable from the shield to the boiler.
4. Installation of a circuit breaker (double), which must be rated for a current of at least 16A. It protects the network from current leakage through insulation failure.

When installing the boiler, a double circuit breaker must be installed. If we are talking about a private house, then a ground loop is required. This is dictated by the safety regulations.

Due to the fact that water heaters are presented in a variety of options suitable for any need, you can not be afraid to be left without hot water. It is water heaters that guarantee convenience under any conditions. Their work does not depend on weather conditions or on utilities. Even if there is no centralized supply of hot water, if you have a boiler, it will always be in your house.

It is unlikely that living in a house or apartment is comfortable when there is no hot water. An electric boiler is used to heat the water needed for bathing and technical needs. This type of heater, due to its small size, can be installed anywhere: in the bathroom, in the kitchen, in the toilet and even under the sink. If you make the right connection, hot water will be constantly.

Variety of water heaters

Boiler in some cases is the most successful solution to the problem of hot water. It is used in houses and apartments where there is no hot water. Many people want to know how to connect the boiler themselves.

To date, the range of water heaters is very wide. There are differences in the heating method, capacity, tank shape, installation method, and so on.

General view of the water heater: in the form of a tank filled with water. The heater heats water to a certain temperature and keeps it for a certain time. As the required water is used up, the volume of liquid in the boiler automatically increases and the water is heated up again.

In the flow device, due to the operation of the heating element, the water is heated, passing through the heating element. The temperature is controlled by decreasing or increasing the water supply. These devices are mounted directly at the point of the water supply system. From one device it is impossible to get hot water in the kitchen and bathroom at the same time, since it is installed in only one room.

Preparatory work for the installation

Connecting the boiler to the water with your own hands is not a very difficult task that any user can handle.

Preparatory work includes:

1. Detailed study of the instructions supplied with the boiler.
2. Boiler installation on the wall.
3. Supply of water supply pipes to the boiler. If the water heater is located in close proximity to the water, the task is simplified. Otherwise, the water supply must be supplied to the boiler using additional metal or plastic pipes.

Take a tape measure, a cutter, a soldering iron for plastic pipes or welding, a wrench. Purchase related materials - valves, fittings, tees, pipes or flexible hoses, tow and FUM tape.

General water connection scheme

Connecting the boiler to the water supply of any kind of pipes is simple. All connection work begins with shutting off the water supply in the apartment.

Connecting cold water supply (from top to bottom) is as follows:

1. The installation of an "American" is required when connecting the water supply at the inlet to the boiler.
2. Installation of a brass tee with a water drain valve. This item is mandatory when connecting the boiler for the convenience of draining the liquid.
3. The installation of a security system is a prerequisite for connecting the boiler to the water supply.

The system includes:

• non-return valve - to prevent the outflow of heated water from the boiler in the event of a pressure drop of cold water or its absence;
• safety valve - when the pressure inside the boiler.

The security system of the switched on water heater is not always reliable. To protect yourself from trouble, you need to purchase a reliable check safety valve. The importance of security cannot be overstated.

The safety valve is important in the system. For example, the thermostat in the boiler failed. In this case, the heating elements are automatically turned off, and the temperature of the liquid in the tank can reach 100 degrees. The pressure in the tank will rise rapidly, eventually causing the tank to explode.

Connecting an electric boiler

It is important to know how to properly connect the water heater with your own hands. The principle of operation is simple, so there should be no problems during installation.

At the initial stage of the connection, you must perform the following work:

• select the installation location of the device. It is important that all connecting elements have direct access, as this will make it easier to repair or service the equipment;
• prepare the wall on which the electric boiler will be installed. It must be strong enough to support the weight of the tank;
• prepare a water supply pipe directly at the installation site of the device. Otherwise, you will have to install additional pipes.

Heater Installation Diagram

The electric boiler has a high power heating element (about 2 kilowatts). To avoid damage to the wiring, it must be connected to the power distribution panel using a cable with a suitable gauge. It is important to use copper power wire.

To install an electric boiler, you will need the following tools:

Independent connection of the device

You can install the boiler yourself, following simple rules.

The storage device connection algorithm includes the following work:

• installation of shut-off valves on the inlet and outlet pipelines;
• check valve installation;
• installation of water outlet from the device.

However, the installation process may differ slightly depending on which pipe is used in the water supply system. Consider how to connect the boiler to pipes made of polypropylene, plastic or metal. The storage boiler is connected to polypropylene pipes.

To install fittings for pipes from polypropylene you will need the following tools:

• soldering equipment for this type of pipes;
• pipe cutter

In addition, you can purchase tees for this type of pipes and valves. To connect polypropylene pipes, an MPH type coupling is required. It is important to know how to connect the water heater to the water supply in the apartment.

Connection sequence:

Connection to a metal pipe

Connecting a storage electric boiler in an apartment or private house is simple. This is due to the fact that metal pipelines are laid exclusively on the surface of the walls or floor of the room.

So, to connect the storage heater to the water pipe, do the following:

1. cut pipes from the water supply;
2. cut metal pipes;
3. perform installation of sections of pipe tees;
4. additional segments of metal pipes are inserted into the branches of the tees, or flexible hoses are directly connected after the valves.

Connecting the boiler to a steel water supply

The existing list of components for metal water pipes will solve the problem of connecting a boiler to a water pipe made of steel pipes without welding. This applies to the "vampire" tee, which is installed directly on the surface of the steel pipe. With the help of such devices, it is possible to connect not only a heating boiler, but also a washing machine, dishwasher and other devices to a metal water pipe without welding.

The "vampire" tee is a metal clamp, on the side of which there is a pre-cut threaded inlet. The tee is fixed on the outer surface of the pipe, cleaned of paint and dirt, through a rubber lining and clamped with fixing screws.

After installing the tee, a drill is drilled on a metal protective sleeve through the pipe in the side surface of the pipe. Naturally, all work is carried out in a closed water supply. After that, the thread is screwed into the ball valve, and this is a flexible hose at the inlet to the boiler or other equipment.

Stop valve installation

When installing a storage heater, it is necessary to know some features of the installation of valves. Installation work is carried out in the following sequence:

But, in order to prevent damage to the water folding device, it is better to mount this device directly on a branch from the water supply line.

Connecting the flow heater

A flowing electric water heater is mounted directly into a pipeline branch provided for hot water supply. You need to know how to properly connect the boiler to the water supply. It is necessary to follow the instructions exactly and study the boiler diagram before that.

The connection goes like this:

1. Covering the water supply.
2. A gap is made in the pipeline.
3. Valves are installed at the end of the gaps.
4. The flow heater can then be dismantled for repair without shutting off the water supply.
5. The inlet and outlet of the feed heater are connected to flexible inlet hoses to shut-off valves.

Please note that when dismantling the device, first close the stopcock in the inlet pipe, and then at the outlet. Also, when using a flow heater, the water is turned on first, and then the heater is turned on. When there is no hot water demand, the power is turned off first.

Before working with pipes, you can first practice on their scraps. This way you can avoid embarrassing mistakes.

The procedure for verification work

The correct connection to the water heater water supply is completed, you need to fill it and check the tightness of the connections. The order of verification work:

1. Open the hot water tap to bleed air from the tank.
2. Open the tap on the cold "branch".
3. With a working water supply, it is necessary to carefully examine all joints for leaks. If leaks are found, fix them before filling the appliance with water.

How to provide hot water to a dwelling in which hot water supply is not provided or is regularly turned off? With a heater. On sale you can find convenient devices of various designs and performance.

They are relatively easy to install and manage. The most important step in installing the device is connecting it to the plumbing system at home. If the connection diagram of the water heater to the water supply is exactly observed, the unit will faithfully serve for many years.

When installing such a complex electrical appliance yourself, a number of important nuances should be taken into account.

The most popular among buyers are two types of devices: storage devices, they are also called boilers, and instantaneous water heaters.

Water boilers: a necessary modern attribute in the bathroom

The first function as follows: cold water enters a special tank equipped with a heating element.

There it is heated to the required temperature and then fed into the plumbing system. There is no storage tank in the flow heater, the water is heated in the process of passing through a special flask in which the heating element is placed.

Therefore, the procedure for connecting devices of different types to the water supply system varies significantly.

Boilers are easier to install, they are usually cheaper than flow heaters and less demanding on the quality of the electrical network than flow devices.

Therefore, storage units are much more popular. Flow heaters are installed as close as possible to the hot water tap, for example, directly on the water tap.

The device allows you to get hot water almost instantly, but the cost of heating will be quite large.

What should be considered before starting installation?

Good preparation is the key to a successful heater installation. First, it is recommended to carefully study the manufacturer's instructions, paying special attention to safety issues.

The next important point is the choice of a place to install the heater. Here are some helpful points:

• The instrument must be available for maintenance at all times.
• To install a wall-mounted model, choose a wall that can support twice the weight of the appliance when fully loaded.
• It is necessary to diagnose the condition of the wiring, correct the identified shortcomings and compare the characteristics with the manufacturer's requirements.
• Examine the condition of the plumbing system: pipes and risers, since the operation of the heater depends not only on the quantity, but also on the quality of the incoming water.

If the location for the heater is chosen correctly, it will be easier to install and maintain.

Tools and materials

The set of tools and materials required to connect the water heater to the water supply system may vary depending on the features of the device.

A novice master can focus on the following approximate list:

• perforator with a set of nozzles;
• wrench and adjustable wrench;
• straight and Phillips screwdriver;
• roulette;
• nippers;
• pliers, etc.

In addition, you will need pipes and fittings to connect the heater to the plumbing system. Means of sealing joints are needed: linen thread, FUM tape, special paste.

It does not hurt to stock up in advance with a pair of connecting hoses, two or three stopcocks and the same number of tees.

To connect the boiler to the water supply, you can use special flexible hoses of a suitable size, but not too long

Only fasteners are usually supplied with the heater, and they are not always suitable for a particular situation.

For example, if you plan to install the device on a wall with a thick finishing layer, you should stock up on sufficiently long fasteners.

Various boiler connection schemes

To connect the boiler to the water supply, they usually use the scheme shown below:

The diagram shows the procedure for connecting a storage water heater to a conventional plumbing system. The location of the taps, shut-off valve, drain, etc. is indicated.

The figure shows the conditional arrangement of risers, which are indicated by the words “cold water” and “hot water”. The numbers “1” and “2” refer to conventional stopcocks.

One of them is opened so that cold water enters the tank, through the other, the liquid heated to the desired temperature is supplied to the hot part of the water supply.

In those periods when the storage water heater is not working, it is recommended to close these taps.

Under the numbers "3" and "4" is another pair of taps. These devices are responsible for the flow of water into the apartment from a common riser.

Usually they are available in every apartment, regardless of whether the apartment has a boiler or not. And if tap “3”, through which cold water flows, is closed only if it is necessary to stop the supply of water to the apartment, then tap “4” should be completely closed during the operation of the heater.

If this is not done, then hot water from the boiler will go into the house riser.

The number “5” is the mounting location of the check valve. This is a very important element of the water heater connection system, as it protects the equipment from damage.

In the event of a shutdown of cold water (which happens not as rarely as we would like), it is the check valve that will not allow the liquid to leave the storage tank of the boiler.

In the absence of a check valve, water will leave the device back into the riser. As a result, the heating elements will run idle, which will lead to their rapid failure.

It should be remembered that boiler manufacturers usually include a non-return valve in the delivery package, so it is necessary to clarify its presence even during the purchase of the device.

When connecting a storage heater to the water supply system, stopcocks are used, with which you can control the flow of water into the tank

The tap, which is marked with the number “6”, is designed to drain water from the water heater tank. This crane is used extremely rarely, for example, if the device needs to be repaired or it is intended to be dismantled.

In this case, according to the technology, the water from the tank must be drained. Do not neglect the installation of this element, since emptying the large capacity tank in other ways can be quite laborious.

The drain valve must always be slightly higher than the non-return valve, otherwise it will not be possible to remove water from the tank.

Thus, if the storage water heater is working, then taps “1”, “2” and “3” should be open, and tap “4” should be closed. If the boiler is turned off, it is necessary to close the taps “1” and “2”, and the taps “3” and “4” should be opened.

Detailed information on connecting a storage water heater to the water supply system is presented in the following video:

If there is no plumbing

In many private houses, and even in large cottages, a storage tank is part of the plumbing system.

Sometimes this is the only way to ensure normal water pressure in the pipes in the house. A storage water heater can also be connected to such a system, but a number of nuances should be taken into account: the distance from the tank to the boiler, as well as the pressure in the water supply.

If the space between the water heater and the tank is less than two meters, you can use the following connection to the water supply:

But it also happens that the distance between these devices is more than two meters. In this case, a special safety valve should be placed between the tank and the tap, as shown in the diagram:

If the distance between the tank and the storage water heater exceeds two meters, a safety valve must be included in the connection diagram.

If the pressure in the water supply system of the house exceeds 6 bar, experts recommend installing a reducer in front of the water heater, which will reduce the pressure of the water entering the heating tank.

Technical features of connecting the boiler

If the diagram for the correct connection of the boiler to the water supply is drawn up, it's time to start implementing it. In this case, a lot depends on which pipes were used to create the water supply.

In old houses, steel pipes can often be found, although they are often replaced with more fashionable polypropylene or metal-plastic. When installing the boiler, you should take into account the features of working with pipes of various types.

There are no special requirements for the material of the structures connecting the boiler and the water supply. They can even be connected with a sufficiently strong hose of a suitable diameter and length.

Regardless of the type of pipes, before starting any work on connecting equipment to the water supply, be sure to turn off the water supply in the risers.

How to connect a heater to steel pipes

For this, it is not necessary to use a welding machine, since the connection can be made using special tees, the so-called “vampires”.

The design of such a tee resembles a conventional tightening collar, on the sides of which there are branch pipes. The ends are already threaded.

To install the vampire tee, first install it in a suitable place and tighten it with screws.

Between the metal part of the tee and the pipe, put the gasket that comes with the device. It is important that the gaps in the gasket and the tee intended for mounting the hole match exactly.

Then, using a metal drill, make a hole in the pipe through a special clearance in the pipe and rubber gasket. After that, a pipe or a hose is screwed onto the opening of the pipe, with the help of which water will be supplied to the heater.

To connect the storage water heater to a steel water supply, a metal coupling is used with special threaded pipes, onto which a stopcock, hose or pipe section can be screwed

The most important point when connecting a water heater is the sealing of all connections. To seal the thread, FUM tape, linen thread or other similar sealant is used. There should be enough of this material, but not too much.

It is believed that if the seal protrudes slightly from under the thread, this will provide a sufficiently tight connection.

Working with polypropylene pipes

If the boiler is supposed to be connected to a polypropylene water supply, you should immediately stock up on stopcocks, tees and couplings intended for them.

In addition, you will need special equipment: a device for cutting such pipes, as well as a device for soldering them.

To connect the boiler to a polypropylene water supply, the following procedure is usually followed:

1. Shut off the water in the riser (sometimes you need to contact the housing office for this).
2. Using a cutter, make cuts on polypropylene pipes.
3. Solder tees at the outlets.
4. Connect the pipes designed to connect the boiler to the water supply.
5. Install couplings and valves.
6. Connect the boiler to the faucet using a hose.

If the water pipes are hidden in the wall, you will have to dismantle the finish in order to gain free access to them.

It happens that access to pipes laid in strobes is still significantly limited. In this case, a special split-type repair coupling can be used.

The polypropylene side of such a device is soldered to the tee, and the threaded part is connected to the water supply. After that, the removable part of the coupling is removed from the structure.

To connect the water supply from PVC pipes to the storage water heater, you can use a special adapter, part of which is soldered to the pipe, and a hose can be screwed onto the other part

Connection to structures made of metal-plastic

It is not as difficult to work with metal-plastic pipes as with polypropylene products. Such pipes are very rarely laid in strobes, but are connected with very convenient fittings.

To connect the boiler to such a water supply, you can use the following procedure:

1. Shut off the water supply to the pipes in the house.
2. In the place of installation of the branch pipe, make a cut using a special pipe cutter.
3. Install a tee in the section.
4. Attach a piece of a new metal-plastic pipe or hose to the branches of the tee, depending on the situation.

After that, all connections should be checked for tightness. To do this, water is supplied to the system and it is observed whether a leak appears.

If the tightness of the connection is insufficient, the gap should be sealed or the work should be done again.

Features of connecting a flow heater

Unlike a storage boiler, an instantaneous water heater is designed to heat the flow of water, and not its static volume.

Therefore, flow heaters are usually smaller in size, and it is much easier to incorporate them into the plumbing system.

A flow heater is usually placed closer to the place where hot water is used so that it does not have time to cool down while passing through the pipes.

The easiest way is to put such a device on a mixer, which has a shower outlet. To do this, remove the shower head and connect the heater hose to the freed part of the mixer, through which cold water should flow.

Now, instead of a shower, an additional source of hot water has appeared in the bathroom, which is connected if necessary. The device is easy to dismantle and install again if necessary.

But this is not always convenient, because using a shower with this installation method is somewhat difficult.

The figure shows options for connecting a flow heater to a water supply. You can use the heater in the kitchen or in the bathroom for a shower

Another possibility to include a flow heater in the system is through a branch designed for a washing machine.

First, a tee is placed on the pipe, which is sealed with FUM tape or flax.

Then a tap is installed that will allow you to open / close the water supplied to the heater, as well as regulate its flow.

Since the tap will have to be used frequently with this connection method, it is important to put it in a convenient place. After that, the structure is brought from the tap to the flow heater.

The most convenient way to do this is with a flexible hose, which is recommended to be fixed with special brackets. But you can also use pipes: metal, polypropylene, metal-plastic, etc.

Hot tap water has long ceased to be a luxury. Today it is one of the mandatory requirements of a normal life. One of the possibilities for organizing hot water supply in a private house is the installation and connection of an indirect heating boiler.

What is an indirect heating boiler and what are they

A water heater or an indirect exchange boiler is a tank with water in which a heat exchanger is located (a coil or, according to the type of water jacket, a cylinder in a cylinder). The heat exchanger is connected to a heating boiler or to any other system in which hot water or other coolant circulates.

Heating is simple: hot water from the boiler passes through the heat exchanger, it heats the walls of the heat exchanger, and they, in turn, transfer heat to the water in the tank. Since the heating does not occur directly, then such a water heater is called "indirect heating". The heated water is used for household needs as needed.

One of the important details in this design is the magnesium anode. It reduces the intensity of corrosion processes - the tank lasts longer.

Kinds

There are two types of indirect heating boilers: with built-in control and without. Indirect heating boilers with built-in control are connected to a heating system powered by boilers without control. They have a built-in temperature sensor, their own control that turns on / off the supply of hot water to the coil. When connecting this type of equipment, all that is needed is to connect the heating supply and return to the corresponding inputs, connect the cold water supply and connect the hot water distribution comb to the upper outlet. That's all, you can fill the tank and start heating it.

Conventional indirect heating boilers work mainly with automated boilers. During installation, it is necessary to install a temperature sensor in a certain place (there is a hole in the body) and connect it to a certain boiler inlet. Next, they make the piping of the indirect heating boiler in accordance with one of the schemes. You can also connect them to non-volatile boilers, but this requires special schemes (see below).

What you need to remember is that the water in the indirect heating boiler can be heated just below the temperature of the coolant circulating in the coil. So if your boiler works in low-temperature mode and produces, say, + 40 ° C, then the maximum temperature of the water in the tank will be just that. You can't heat it up anymore. To get around this limitation, there are combined water heaters. They have a coil and a built-in heating element. The main heating in this case is due to the coil (indirect heating), and the heating element only brings the temperature to the set one. Also, such systems are good in tandem with solid fuel boilers - the water will be warm even when the fuel has burned out.

What else can be said about the design features? Several heat exchangers are installed in large-volume indirect systems - this reduces the time for heating water. To reduce the time of heating water and for slower cooling of the tank, it is better to choose models with thermal insulation.

Which boilers can be connected to

Boilers of indirect heating can work with any source of hot water. Any hot water boiler is suitable - solid fuel - on wood, coal, briquettes, pellets. It can be connected to any type of gas boiler, electric or oil-fired.

It’s just that, as already mentioned above, there are models with their own control, and then installing and tying them is a simpler task. If the model is simple, it is necessary to think over a system for controlling the temperature and switching the boiler from heating radiators to heating hot water.

Tank shapes and installation methods

The indirect heating boiler can be installed on the floor, it can be hung on the wall. Wall-mounted options have a capacity of no more than 200 liters, and floor options can hold up to 1500 liters. In both cases, there are horizontal and vertical models. When installing the wall-mounted version, the mount is standard - brackets that are mounted on dowels of the appropriate type.

If we talk about the shape, then most often these devices are made in the form of a cylinder. In almost all models, all working outputs (pipes for connection) are brought out at the back. It is easier to connect, and the appearance is better. On the front of the panel there are places for installing a temperature sensor or a thermal relay, in some models it is possible to install a heating element - for additional heating of water in case of a lack of heating power.

By type of installation, they are wall-mounted and floor-mounted, capacity - from 50 liters to 1500 liters

When installing the system, it is worth remembering that the system will work effectively only if the boiler capacity is sufficient.

Schemes and connection features

There are two principles for connecting an indirect heating boiler: with and without hot water heating priority. In priority heating, all the heating medium is pumped through the boiler heat exchanger if required. Heating takes a little time. As soon as the temperature reaches the set point (controlled by a sensor, thermostatic valve or thermostat), the entire flow is again directed to the radiators.

In schemes without water heating priority, only some part of the heat carrier flow is directed to the indirect water heater. This leads to the fact that the water is heated for a long time.

When connecting an indirect heating boiler, it is better to choose a scheme with priority - it provides hot water in the required amount. At the same time, heating does not suffer much - it usually takes 20-40 minutes to heat the entire volume of water, and 3-8 minutes to maintain the temperature at a flow rate. During such a time, no house can cool down enough to feel it. But this is provided that the power of the boiler is comparable to the power of the boiler. Ideally, the boiler is more productive, with a margin of 25-30%.

General rules

To ensure the normal operation of all appliances connected to the hot water manifold, an expansion tank for hot water (not for heating) is installed at the outlet of the boiler. Its volume is 10% of the volume of the tank. It is necessary to neutralize thermal expansion.

Also, shut-off valves (ball valves) are installed in each branch of the connection. They are needed so that each device can be used - a three-way valve, a circulation pump, etc. - if necessary, disconnect and service.

Check valves are usually also installed on the supply pipelines. They are necessary to exclude the possibility of backflow. In this case, the connection of an indirect heating boiler will be safe and easy to maintain.

Installation next to the boiler in a forced circulation system (with 3-way valve)

If a circulation pump is already installed in the system, and it is installed on the supply, and a forced heating boiler can be placed next to the boiler, it is better to organize a separate circuit that comes from the heating boiler. This connection of an indirect heating boiler is implemented with most wall-mounted gas or other boilers that have a circulation pump on the supply pipe. With this connection scheme, it turns out that the water heater and the heating system are connected in parallel.

With this piping method, a three-way valve is installed after the circulation pump, controlled by a temperature sensor (installed on the boiler). One of the outlets of the three-way valve is connected to the boiler pipe to connect the heating. A tee cuts into the return pipeline before entering the boiler, a branch pipe is connected to it to drain water from the heat exchanger. Actually, the tie-in to the heating system is completed.

The way this circuit works is:

• When information is received from the sensor that the water temperature is below the set one, the three-way valve switches the coolant to the boiler. The heating system is turned off.
• The entire flow of the coolant goes through the heat exchanger, the water in the tank is heated.
• The water heats up enough, the three-way valve redirects the coolant to the heating system.

As you can see, the scheme is simple, its operation is also clear.

Scheme with two circulation pumps

When installing a water heater in the system with a circulation pump, but not next to it, but at some distance, it is better to install a circulation pump in the circuit on the water heater. The connection of an indirect heating boiler for this case is shown in the diagram below.

The circulation pump can be installed either on the supply pipe or on the return. In this scheme, there is no three-way valve; the circuit is connected through conventional tees. Switching the flow of the coolant is carried out by turning on / off the pumps, and it is controlled by a temperature sensor, which has two pairs of contacts.

If the water in the tank is colder than the one set on the sensor, the power circuit of the circulation pump in the boiler circuit is turned on. When a predetermined degree of heating is reached, the contacts of the pump are closed, which drives the coolant into the heating system.

Scheme for a non-volatile boiler

In a scheme with a non-volatile boiler, in order to ensure the priority of the boiler, it is desirable that it be higher than the radiators. That is, in this case, it is desirable to install wall models. Ideally, the bottom of the indirect water heater is above the boiler and radiators. But such an arrangement is not always possible.

The schemes will also work with the floor location of the boiler, but the water will heat up more slowly and in the lower part it will not be hot enough. Its temperature will be comparable to the degree of heating of the return pipeline, that is, the supply of hot water will be less.

With non-volatile heating, the movement of the coolant occurs due to the force of gravity. In principle, it is possible to connect an indirect heating boiler according to the traditional scheme - with a circulation pump in the circuit for heating it. Just in this case, when the electricity is off, there will be no hot water. If this turn doesn't suit you, there are several schemes that will work with gravity systems.

When implementing this scheme, the circuit that goes to the water heater is made with a pipe with a diameter of 1 step larger than the heating one. This is what gives priority.

In this scheme, after a branch to the heating system, a thermostatic head with an attached sensor is installed. It runs on batteries and does not require external power. The desired water heating temperature is set on the thermostatic head regulator (not higher than the temperature at the boiler supply). While the water in the tank is cold, the thermostat opens the supply to the boiler, the coolant flow goes mainly to the boiler. When heated to the required degree, the coolant is redirected to the heating branch.

With coolant recirculation

If present in the system, constant circulation of water through it is necessary. Otherwise, it won't work. All consumers can be connected to the recirculation loop. In this case, hot water will constantly chase in a circle with a pump. In this case, by opening the water at any time you will immediately receive hot water - you will not have to wait until cold water drains from the pipes. This is a positive thing.

The negative is that by connecting the recirculation, we increase the cost of heating water in the boiler. Why? Because running along the ring, the water cools down, therefore the boiler will be more often connected to water heating and spend more fuel on it.

The second drawback is that recirculation stimulates the mixing of water layers. During normal operation, the hottest water is at the top, from where it is fed into the DHW circuit. With stirring, the total supply water temperature drops (at the same settings). However, for a heated towel rail, this is perhaps the only way out.

How to implement the connection of an indirect heating boiler with recirculation? There are several ways. The first is to find special indirects with built-in recirculation. Very convenient - the heated towel rail (or the entire loop) is simply connected to the corresponding pipes. But the price of such options for water heaters is almost twice as much as the price of a conventional tank of the same volume.

The second option is to use models that do not have an input for connecting a recirculation circuit, but connect it using tees.