After all, hypothermia, like overheating, has a negative effect on human health. Among other things, norms also depend on gender. Women require higher temperature readings than men. Extremely carefully you need to observe the temperature regime in the apartment where the children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, therefore they are prone to rapid overheating and freezing compared to adults. As a result, the heat rate for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees. In accordance with the current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain indicators of at least and no more than 22 degrees, and all deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being. To maintain a normal temperature, certain conditions must be observed.
What temperature should be in the apartment in winter?
Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact the regulatory authorities. Conclusion The management company at the place of residence is obliged to provide the temperature according to the current standards and regulations.
As a result, in case of identified cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services, it is necessary to inform this organization and, if required, draw up an act. If it comes to a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or change the radiators to modern efficient devices.
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The temperature in the apartment
The temperature cannot be checked close to the floor or ceiling, nor - walls or windows. Test standard: 1 meter from the outer wall, 1.5 meters from the floor.
Important
In the event that there are deviations from these requirements, the payment for this service should be reduced by 0.15% per hour of non-compliance with these standards. If there are deviations from the norm If the temperature indicators should not be lower than the permissible level, then they can exceed the norm, but no more than 4 degrees.
If the batteries do not warm up well, then you need to write a complaint to DEZ with a request to check. The specialist who will carry out the inspection draws up 2 copies of the inspection report, one of which will remain with the owner.
Thereafter, the utility responsible for the situation must take steps to remedy it. The measures are quite urgent and must be taken within 1-7 days from the date of signing the act.
What are the norms for the temperature in the apartment during the heating season according to sanpin?
The minimum temperature in a corner apartment is 20 ° C. For the staircase at the entrance of a residential building, the temperature norm is set in the range of 14-20 ° С, and for the inter-apartment corridor - 16-22 ° С.
Attention
Since heating in an apartment or other room is a service that the relevant services are obliged to provide, the article on consumer protection, which can be read here, will be useful for you. More detailed standards for all types of premises are set out in the Sanitary Rules and SanPiN standards.
So, at the workplaces of industrial premises, a temperature of 16 ° C to 24 ° C is required, depending on the energy consumption of the work. In attics and basements of apartment buildings, the temperature should not drop below 4 ° C.
What temperature should be in the apartment during the heating season
Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators. It is recommended to regulate the temperature schedule of the heating system in individual rooms using manual or electronic thermostats.
When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be adjusted to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and program the heat output for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and the habits of local residents. Modern thermostats will also adjust heat output according to external conditions - outdoor warming or cooling, sunlight, etc.
You do not need to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example, by setting the economy mode to 15 ° C. Decreasing the temperature even by 1 ° C increases the heat savings by 5-7.5%.
The optimal temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm by law
To fix the situation, you can:
- turn off the tap in front of the radiator;
- install an air recuperator.
By closing the ball valve in front of the radiator, you will reduce the amount of hot water that is supplied. The recuperator will allow the air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the housing already warmed up. The optimal temperature during the heating season of Kai is clear from the above, the comfortable value in the apartment is set by SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are determined in the range of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of the housing.
Kitchens, living rooms and a bathroom have different standards. Errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators.
Unfortunately, according to the current legislative acts, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, claims cannot be made against the management companies.
Winter temperature in the apartment: normal
In the event that the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season are not observed, it is necessary to demand a recalculation of the payment for the corresponding service. Her fees must be reduced by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance.
Normal winter temperature in an apartment All temperature standards in a living room are determined and regulated by GOST 30494-2011 "Indoor microclimate parameters". First of all, the temperature should be comfortable for those who live in the apartment.
Inside a dwelling, these standards are different, although there is an average temperature for an apartment. In general, the normal temperature is 20-22 degrees. Naturally, the beginning of the heating season should begin long before the onset of frost, that is, a stable minus.
They begin to "heat" the apartments before the onset of winter. This happens after the thermometer is not constantly less than +8 degrees.
What is the optimal temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm by law
- 1 Temperature standards
- 1.1 Medical standards for temperature conditions in a residential area
- 2 Heat rate control
- 3 Factors influencing temperature
- 4 Room climate control
- 4.1 How to increase or decrease the temperature
- 5 Optimum temperature during the heating season
- 6 Responsibility of public utilities in case of violations of norms
- 7 Conclusion
The amount in payment receipts increases on a quarterly basis, especially during a crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of utilities leaves much to be desired.
Times are tough for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, management companies responsible for providing hot water supply to apartment buildings often work in bad faith and strive to evade responsibility.
The measurement distance should be more than half a meter from the outer wall and heaters, and its height should be more than 60 centimeters. A sample of the Temperature Control Certificate can be downloaded here.
If in the course of self-measurement you found that the temperature rate is lowered, you should inform the Emergency Dispatcher Service about this. If the disruption of heat supply is not caused by natural factors (for example, an accident on the heating main), the dispatcher calls an emergency team to the house, which constitutes an official measurement report.
The measurement must be carried out by a registered device with all the necessary technical documents.
Climate is understood not only as a temperature regime, since it is only one of many components. The concept also includes the humidity of the air itself, both in the room and outside, as well as the value of atmospheric pressure.
It is these factors in their aggregate that can directly affect the change in the temperature norm in living quarters. Hot countries with high air humidity have higher temperature standards for living quarters. The Nordic countries, in comparison, have significantly lower temperature norms due to the cold climate type. Changing the season Due to the changing season, the indoor temperature can also vary significantly. For example, in winter, the temperature will not be as high as in summer. If we take the European climate, then the acceptable temperature in the cold season here will be from 19 to 22 degrees.
During the period of correction of violations, the standards change and charges for an apartment are recalculated taking into account the area of \ u200b \ u200bthe housing. The heating service must be uninterrupted.
Allowed breaks should not exceed 24 hours per month (this is in total). If the reduced temperature lasts for a long time, then you need to call the control room. If a blockage is found during the inspection, it must be removed. In the event that the reasons are not found, you need to write a statement to the management company or housing and communal services. Where else can you go:
- the prosecutor's office;
- consumer protection society;
- housing inspection.
During the proceedings, you must present acts, statements with appeals, as well as copies of documents of title. On the video about heating standards If you approach the process correctly, you can defend your rights.
If you want to know how to solve your particular problem - contact the online consultant form on the right or call the free consultation phone: to the content of the Indoor temperature standard -2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions ".
It requires compliance with a temperature range of 18-25 degrees Celsius. Within this range, the norm is established for each type of room in the room. So, in the living room the temperature should not be lower than 18 ° С, and in the bathroom - below 25 ° С. Downward deviations are allowed only at night (0.00 - 5.00) by no more than 3 ° С. SanPiN, in turn, declares the upper temperature limit. For example, for a living room, it is 24 ° C.
What temperature should be in the apartment in winter, and what - in summer? These questions relate to the concept of "thermal comfort", that is, to such a temperature in the room at which a person does not feel either cold or hot. Let's take a closer look at this topic in the article.
Key questions about thermal comfort
As soon as summer ends and autumn begins, many people put on warm shirts, jackets and windbreakers, and at this time old disputes arise about when to start the heating season in apartments with central heating, or what temperature to set the heater thermostat in houses. with individual heating systems.
In addition to the question of what should be the air temperature in the apartment, other similar questions arise that relate to the temperature at the workplace, in public transport and in the entrances of houses. Some people freeze and wrap themselves in sweaters and jackets, while others continue to wear fairly light clothes. This is because the sensation of cold or heat is influenced by individual factors, but also by environmental factors. Let's consider them in more detail.
Outdoor temperature and humidity
Considering the question of what room temperature should be in the apartment, first of all, it should be borne in mind that there are two main factors on which the answer to the question posed depends:
- outside temperature;
- indoor air humidity.
The human body has the ability to adapt to the environment, adjusting its biological systems to external conditions. This means that the feeling of thermal comfort in summer and winter will be different. So, in the summer, our body is better adapted to high temperatures, therefore, in the apartment, these temperatures should be higher than in the cold season. That is, the whole idea of comfort is to minimize temperature gradients outdoors and indoors.
As for the humidity of the air, that is, the amount of water vapor dissolved in the air, it should be said here that the perception of temperature by our body depends on it. So, the higher the humidity, the more a person feels that he is hot, although at the same time the temperatures can be relatively low.
Temperature norms in Russia and the USA
The question of what temperature should be in an apartment in winter is regulated in Russia by GOST R 51617-2000 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 standards, according to which the comfortable temperature in apartments should be in the range from 18 ° C to 25 ° C. This GOST also establishes what temperatures should be in different rooms, for example, low values from the specified limit should correspond to the temperature in the corridor, average values - to the temperature in the bedroom, and high values are suitable for the bathroom.
It is also interesting to cite the American standard of comfortable temperatures and compare it with the Russian one. The most widely used standard in the United States is the so-called ASHRAE 55. This standard graphically provides room-friendly temperature zones based on the season and humidity. According to the American standard, in winter the temperature in an apartment should be 21-24 ° C for humidity limits from 30% to 65%, while in summer for the indicated humidity limits the comfortable air temperature limit is higher and is 23-27 ° C. At the same time, the ideal temperature is supposed to be 21 ° C in winter, and 26 ° C in summer.
Comparison of Russian and American standards for the temperature in an apartment in winter shows that they are quite consistent with each other, if we adhere to the average values in the specified Russian limit of permissible temperatures.
Individual characteristics of a person and thermal comfort
Expanding the topic of what temperature should be in the apartment, it is necessary to note one important point, which is as follows: the peculiarities of the perception of the ambient temperature are different for different people. Thus, people with more fatty tissue are more resistant to cold than those who have little fat.
In addition, recent studies have confirmed that women start to feel cold and freeze earlier than men. The explanation for this fact is quite paradoxical: when the ambient temperature begins to decrease, then the blood vessels in the woman's skin contract and shrink, in this way the female body begins to save heat and spends it on heating the brain and internal organs to a greater extent than on peripheral areas of the body. However, the receptors for "cold" are located on the surface of the skin, and since less blood begins to flow to it, they send a signal to the woman's brain that it is starting to freeze. In men, this mechanism of thermoregulation was not found.
Human age and physical activity
What should be the air temperature in the apartment? In addition to the factors considered and the figures given, it is also necessary to keep in mind the physical activity of a person and his age. It is known that at an older age, many processes in the body slow down, so a comfortable temperature for an elderly person will always be 1-3 ° C higher than for a young body. On the other hand, the higher the activity of a person, the faster the metabolic processes in his body go and the lower the temperature norms for him should be.
Why is it important to monitor the temperature in an apartment or house?
For a complete answer to this question, it is necessary to take into account two fundamental points: human performance and energy costs.
It is well known that human performance depends on the air temperature, and if the latter is inappropriate, the quality and efficiency of various jobs will begin to decline significantly. So, according to one American study, if the temperature in a room drops below 20 ° C, then people begin to make mistakes of various kinds 44% more often than at a temperature of 21 ° C.
Saving energy is one of the most pressing issues facing every person. It was found that an increase in air temperature for each degree in an apartment or house leads to an increase in energy costs by 7%. This means that in the absence of special requirements for maintaining a certain temperature regime in the room, you should always adhere to the minimum allowable values in winter and maximum allowable in summer. Recall, answering the question, what is the minimum temperature in an apartment in winter, that it should be 21 ° C, so there is no need to set the temperature higher, for example, 23 ° C, otherwise you will have to pay 14% more for 2 ° C of heat, and there is absolutely no difference for the health of the body between 21 ° C and 23 ° C.
Many people wonder what temperature should be in a corner apartment. The recommended norms remain the same, however, since corner apartments in houses are usually cold, the cost of heating them will be slightly higher than for similar apartments in the middle of the house.
Energy saving issue
Answering the question, what temperature should be in the apartment, it should be said that its optimal value in winter is 21 ° C. However, it is not at all necessary to maintain this temperature throughout the day. So, if a person leaves for work and there are no people left in the apartment, then you can set the heater thermostat to a temperature of 15 ° C, but if a person leaves the apartment for several days, then the thermostat can generally be set to 5 ° C. In addition, the kitchen may not be heated at all, since it has its own heat sources (refrigerator, electric or gas stove) that will maintain the required temperature.
Modern technologies take care of a person in many ways, for example, many modern heating systems allow using the climate control mode, which itself will monitor the temperature in the room.
Concluding the topic, what temperature should be in the apartment, here are some tips that will allow a person to feel comfortable in the apartment, but at the same time save energy and money for heating the room:
- It is recommended to turn off all heaters before going to bed, ventilate the room in the morning and then turn them on.
- Make sure that the radiators of the heaters are clean. Also, there should be no objects near them that interfere with the free movement of air.
- It is recommended to close the window shades at night: this way you can save some energy.
Complaints are often heard: “It's cold at home! Why should we pay for lukewarm batteries? What should be the temperature in the apartment in winter? " Let's take a look at these issues and find out in which cases it is legal to file a complaint with the Housing Office, and in which it is not.
Heating season
There are special regulations for every little thing in Russia. Our legislators did not ignore the climate inside the dwellings. They clearly established what temperature should be in the apartment of the average resident of the country. The law states that the period when the premises begin to be heated centrally occurs when the outside temperature is at “plus eight” for five days. The heating season ends in a similar way. Again, short frosts in the off-season are not obligatory for housing offices.
But what if the heating season has begun, and the house is still cold? Residents can write a statement to the housing office. However, the concepts of "cold" and "hot" are very subjective. In order not to be unfounded in your complaint, you need to measure the temperature with a thermometer and give clear figures for the indicators. So, the law meticulously establishes the minimum standards for different rooms: in the living corner room it should be +20, in the kitchen - +18, and in the bathroom, where we have to strip naked - and that's all +25.
There are also clearly defined guidelines on this issue. Hot water should be supplied to the taps all the year round: not lower than + 50 and not higher (to avoid burns) + 70 degrees. In the heating season, such water should also fill the batteries. How to check if hot water is supplied in your home as required by the standards? Open the tap, substitute a glass with a thermometer. A deviation of 4 degrees is allowed, but only upward.
Eliminating the problem
Perhaps the housing office is not to blame for anything, and your batteries are simply “airy”. In this case, the tenant writes a statement to DEZ.
Recalculation of heating bills
If you suffer from a systematic deviation of indicators from the accepted standards (and they are determined by special Rules, which describe in great detail how services are provided, for which utility bills are taken), you can start a lawsuit. As a result, housing and communal services will either fix problems with heating, or you will pay less for it. Even in the event of an accident or other emergency, it is clearly stated how long people can be without hot water. According to section VIII of the above Rules, tenants must report in writing to the service dealing with accidents (housing office, housing and communal services, etc.) about all problems, including the inadequate indoor climate. A commission comes with a check and draws up an act, which indicates what temperature should be in the apartment, and what it really is. This document is signed by the complainant himself. If the commission did not appear, a similar act can be drawn up by the tenant, who took neighbors as witnesses. The recalculation of the fee is established for the entire "ice age" - until the breakdown is eliminated and your house becomes warm again.
The normal operation of the central heating system in the cold season is a topic that worries every city dweller. Unfortunately, in practice it often turns out that the heating services of residential premises are provided by public utilities of poor quality. Situations often arise when the heating seems to be working, but it is cold in the apartments, residents have to turn on additional heating devices and pay significant electricity bills. In order not to incur unnecessary costs, it is useful to know what temperature should be in living rooms, what documents set this standard and what to do if it is not respected.
The temperature regime in the apartment is determined by the Rules for the provision of utilities, which are approved by Decree No. 354 of 05/06/2011. In accordance with this document, the air temperature in the room should not fall below 18˚С, and in corner rooms - below 20˚С. A decrease in the standard temperature at night is allowed, but not more than 3˚С. No reduction is allowed during the day.
If the temperature deviates from these values, then the payment for the heating service must be recalculated downward by 0.15% of the size of the payment for each hour of deviation from the norm.
In addition, the optimal and permissible temperature values in living quarters are established by SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. Moreover, they are determined separately for each room in the apartment. So, the permissible temperature in the living room in the cold season is 18-24˚С, and in the inter-apartment corridor - 16-22˚С. The temperature of hot water radiators should not exceed 90˚С.
What can affect the temperature in the apartment?
The temperature in living rooms depends on several factors. Not only hot batteries, but also the care of the owners to reduce heat loss will maintain the required temperature regime. Therefore, it is important to know what measures to preserve heat in the room should be carried out and what to look for:
- The volume of heating radiators. Obviously, the larger the battery, the warmer the room. But it is undesirable to arbitrarily increase the number of radiator sections. Because of this, the pressure in the heating system may drop, the battery will heat up weakly or not completely.
- Installation of energy-efficient double-glazed windows increases the room temperature by several degrees. As a last resort, you can also insulate old window frames so that cold and wind do not penetrate into the rooms.
- Insulating the wall of the house also reduces heat loss in the cold season, especially if the room is corner. You can insulate the walls inside the apartment or outside.
- A heat reflecting shield installed on the wall next to the radiator will direct heat into the apartment rather than heating the wall.
- Insulated linoleum or carpet can be placed on the floor.
Heat conservation measures should not be neglected, because if the apartment has cold walls or blows through the windows, then even hot batteries will not be able to warm the air in the room to the temperature norm for living quarters.
How to correctly measure air temperature?
Methods for monitoring air temperature are established by GOST 30494-2011. It is allowed to take measurements in the cold season when the outside air temperature is not higher than minus 5˚С. It is impossible to take measurements in the daylight hours of the day with a cloudless sky. This is because sunlight entering the rooms heats up the room, so measurements will be inaccurate.
Measure the temperature in the room at a distance of 10 cm, 1 m 10 cm and 1 m 70 cm from the floor. Measurements at these heights are taken in the center of the room and at a distance of 50 cm from the outer walls. Wall and floor temperatures are measured at the center of the surface.
How to measure the temperature of the coolant?
The heating medium in central heating batteries is water. You can find out its temperature using a meter. You can measure the temperature yourself using a regular alcohol thermometer. The alcohol measuring device is tightly tied to the heating radiator and covered with heat-insulating material.
More accurate readings are provided by professional measuring instruments - digital contact thermometers. They consist of an electronic unit and a submersible probe. Such devices are most often used by specialists from independent control laboratories.
In addition, the temperature in the central heating batteries is shown by hot water meters. But such devices are usually general house, and their readings reflect the level of heating of the coolant as a whole in the heating system.
What to do if the temperature in the living area is below normal?
If the central heating does not provide the standard temperature in the living quarters, then the service is of poor quality. The order of actions in this situation is provided for by the Rules for the provision of utilities.
The owner of the apartment should report the violation to the emergency dispatch service of the managing organization in writing or by phone. The dispatcher must register the appeal, while he must provide his full name, number and time of registration of the message. Upon the appeal, the Criminal Code conducts an inspection, coordinating the time with the owner of the premises.
Important: if the owner has not appointed his own time for the inspection, then it must be carried out within two hours from the moment of registration of the appeal.
Based on the results of the check, an act is drawn up. If the fact of providing a poor-quality service is established, then the act indicates which violations were identified, what methods and tools were used to measure, the date and time of the inspection. The document is signed by all persons participating in the survey, 1 copy remains to the owner. If a dispute arises between the owner and representatives of the management organization who are conducting the inspection about the quality of the heating service, then a second inspection is carried out with the participation of a representative of the State Housing Inspectorate and a public association of consumers.
In the event that the Criminal Code did not check in due time, the owner has the right to draw up an act of checking the quality of heating in the room in the presence of the chairman of the HOA and two neighbors. Based on the inspection report, the owner has the opportunity to demand a recalculation of the heating fee. To do this, you should send a claim to the managing organization and attach a copy of the act to it.
The Criminal Code is obliged to eliminate all identified violations and make sure that the service is provided in full and of proper quality. For this, representatives of the Criminal Code again conduct a survey of the premises, based on the results of which an act should be drawn up again.
Thus, consumers, having information about the normative temperature in living quarters, can demand that management organizations comply with these norms. To receive high-quality public services, it is necessary that each owner defends his rights and personally participates in putting things in order in the housing and public utilities sector. For the protection of their rights, homeowners can apply not only to the court, but also to public associations of consumers.
